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3858 Group
SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER
REJ03B0139-0110 Rev.1.10 Apr 3, 2006
DESCRIPTION
The 3858 group is the 8-bit microcomputer based on the 740 family core technology. The 3858 group is designed for the household products and office automation equipment and includes serial interface functions, 8-bit timer, 16-bit timer, and A/D converter.
FEATURES
qBasic machine-language instructions ...................................... 71 qMinimum instruction execution time .................................. 0.5 s (at 8 MHz oscillation frequency) qMemory size ROM ............................................................................ 48 K bytes RAM ............................................................................ 1.5 K bytes qProgrammable input/output ports ............................................ 34 qOn-chip software pull-up resistor qInterrupts ................................................. 19 sources, 16 vectors (external 8, internal 10, software 1) qTimers ............................................................................. 8-bit 4 ...................................................................................... 16-bit 2 qSerial interface Serial I/O1 ................... 8-bit 1 (UART or Clock-synchronized) Serial I/O2 .................................. 8-bit 1 (Clock-synchronized) qPWM ............................................................................... 8-bit 1 qA/D converter ................................................. 8-bit 9 channels
qClock generating circuit ..................................... Built-in 2 circuits (connect to external ceramic resonator or quartz-crystal oscillator) qWatchdog timer ............................................................ 16-bit 1 qPower source voltage In high-speed mode .................................................. 4.0 to 5.5 V (at 12.5 MHz oscillation frequency) In high-speed mode .................................................. 2.7 to 5.5 V (at 6 MHz oscillation frequency) In middle-speed mode ............................................... 2.7 to 5.5 V (at 12.5 MHz oscillation frequency, at middle-speed mode) In low-speed mode .................................................... 2.7 to 5.5 V (at 32 kHz oscillation frequency) qOperating temperature range .................................... -20 to 85C
APPLICATION
Office automation equipment, Factory automation equipment, Household products, Consumer electronics, etc.
PIN CONFIGURATION (TOP VIEW)
VCC VREF AVSS P44/INT3/PWM P43/INT2/SCMP2 P42/INT1 P41/INT0 P40/CNTR1 P27/CNTR0/SRDY1 P26/SCLK1 P25/TxD P24/RxD P23/CNTR3 P22/CNTR2 CNVSS P21/XCIN P20/XCOUT RESET XIN XOUT VSS
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22
P30/AN0 P31/AN1 P32/AN2 P33/AN3 P34/AN4 P00/SIN2 P01/SOUT2 P02/SCLK2 P03/SRDY2 P04/AN5 P05/AN6 P06/AN7 P07/AN8 P10(LED0) P11(LED1) P12(LED2) P13(LED3) P14(LED4) P15(LED5) P16(LED6) P17(LED7)
Package type : PRDP0042BA-A (42P4B) PRSP0042GA-B (42P2R-A/E)
Fig. 1 Pin configuration of M3858XGX-XXXFP/SP
M3858XGX-XXXFP/SP
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3858 Group
FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
Reset input VSS VCC RESET
18 15 1 21
Main-clock Main-clock input output XIN XOUT CNVSS
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CPU Timer 1( 8 ) A X Y S
CNTR0
19
20
Sub-clock input
Sub-clock output
Fig. 2 Functional block diagram
XCIN
XCOUT
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QzR O M
Prescaler 12(8) Prescaler X(8)
Clock generating circuit Timer 2( 8 ) Timer X( 8 ) Timer Y( 8 )
RAM
Prescaler Y(8)
PC H
CNTR1
PCL PS
CNTR2
Watchdog timer
Reset
Timer Z1( 16 ) Timer Z2( 16 )
CNTR3
A/D converter (10)
PWM (8)
SI/O1(8)
SI/O2(8)
INT0- INT3
XCOUT XCIN
P4(5) P3(5)
P2(8)
P1(8)
P0(8)
2 38 39 40 41 42
3
45678
9 10 11 12 13 14 16 17
22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29
30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37
I/O port P4 I/O port P3
I/O port P2
I/O port P1
I/O port P0
VREF
AVSS
3858 Group
PIN DESCRIPTION
Table 1 Pin description Pin VCC, VSS CNVSS VREF AVss RESET XIN XOUT P00/SIN2 P01/SOUT2 P02/SCLK2 P03/SRDY2 P04/AN5-P07/AN8 Name Power source CNVSS input Reference votage Analog power source Reset input Clock input Clock output I/O port P0 Functions *Apply voltage of 2.7 V - 5.5 V to Vcc, and 0 V to Vss. *This pin controls the operation mode of the chip and is shared with the VPP pin which is the power source input pin for programming the built-in QzROM. *Normally connected to VSS. *Reference voltage input pin for A/D converter. *Analog power source inpu pin for A/D converter. *Connect to Vss. *Reset input pin for active "L". *Input and output pins for the clock generating circuit. *Connect a ceramic resonator or quartz-crystal oscillator between the XIN and XOUT pins to set the oscillation frequency. *When an external clock is used, connect the clock source to the XIN pin and leave the XOUT pin open. * Serial I/O2 function pin *8-bit I/O port. *I/O direction register allows each pin to be individually programmed as either input or output. *CMOS compatible input level. *CMOS 3-state output structure. *Pull-up control is enabled in a bit unit. P10-P17 P20/XCOUT P21/XCIN P22/CNTR2 P23/CNTR3 P24/RxD P25/TxD P26/SCLK1 P27/CNTR0/ SRDY1 P30/AN0- P34/AN4 I/O port P3 *5-bit I/O port with the same function as port P0. *CMOS compatible input level. *CMOS 3-state output structure. *Pull-up control is enabled in a bit unit. P40/CNTR1 P41/INT0 P42/INT1 P43/INT2/SCMP2 P44/INT3/PWM I/O port P4 *5-bit I/O port with the same function as port P0. *CMOS compatible input level. *CMOS 3-state output structure. *Pull-up control is enabled in a bit unit. * Interrupt input pin * SCMP2 output pin * Interrupt input pin * PWM output pin * Timer Y function pin * Interrupt input pins I/O port P1 I/O port P2 *P10 to P17 (8 bits) are enabled to output large current for LED drive. *8-bit I/O port. *I/O direction register allows each pin to be individually programmed as either input or output. *CMOS compatible input level. *CMOS3-state output structure. *Pull-up control is enabled in a bit unit. * Timer X function pin/ Serial I/O1 function pin * A/D converter input pin * A/D converter input pin
Function except a port function
* Sub-clock generating circuit I/O pins (connect a resonator) * Timer Z1 function pin * Timer Z2 function pin * Serial I/O1 function pin
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3858 Group
PART NUMBERING
Product name
M3858 8
G
C
-
XXX
SP
Package type SP : PRDP0042BA-A FP : PRSP0042GA-B ROM number -: Standard Omitted in the shipped in blank version. QzROM size 1 : 4096 bytes 2 : 8192 bytes 3 : 12288 bytes 4 : 16384 bytes 5 : 20480 bytes
6 : 24576 bytes 7 : 28672 bytes 8 : 32768 bytes The first 128 bytes and the last 2 bytes of RAM is reserved areas; they cannot be used as a user's ROM area. Memory type G : QzROM version RAM size 0 : 192 bytes 1 : 256 bytes 2 : 384 bytes 3 : 512 bytes 4 : 640 bytes
9 : 36864 bytes A: 40960 bytes B: 45056 bytes C: 49152 bytes D: 53248 bytes E: 57344 bytes F : 61440 bytes
5 : 768 bytes 6 : 896 bytes 7 : 1024 bytes 8 : 1536 bytes 9 : 2048 bytes
Fig. 3 Part numbering
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3858 Group
GROUP EXPANSION
Renesas Technology plans to expand the 3858 group as follows.
Packages
PRDP0042BA-A ......................... 42-pin shrink plastic-molded DIP PRSP0042GA-B ................................ 42-pin plastic-molded SSOP
Memory Type
Support for QzROM version.
Memory Size
QzROM size ................................................................... 48 K bytes RAM size ....................................................................... 1.5 K bytes
Memory Expansion Plan
ROM size (bytes)
60K
48K
M38588GC
32K
768
1024
1280 RAM size (bytes)
1536
3072
Fig. 4 Memory expansion plan
Table 2 List of products Part number M38588GC-XXXSP M38588GC-XXXFP M38588GCSP M38588GCFP ROM size (bytes) ROM size for User in ( ) 49152 (49021) 49152 (49021) RAM size (bytes) 1536 1536 Package PRDP0042BA-A PRSP0042GA-B PRDP0042BA-A PRSP0042GA-B Remarks
Blank
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3858 Group
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (CPU)
The 3858 group uses the standard 740 Family instruction set. Refer to the table of 740 Family addressing modes and machine instructions or the 740 Family Software Manual for details on the instruction set. Machine-resident 740 Family instructions are as follows: The FST and SLW instructions cannot be used. The STP, WIT, MUL, and DIV instructions can be used.
[Stack Pointer (S)]
The stack pointer is an 8-bit register used during subroutine calls and interrupts. This register indicates start address of stored area (stack) for storing registers during subroutine calls and interrupts. The low-order 8 bits of the stack address are determined by the contents of the stack pointer. The high-order 8 bits of the stack address are determined by the stack page selection bit. If the stack page selection bit is "0" , the high-order 8 bits becomes "0016". If the stack page selection bit is "1", the high-order 8 bits becomes "0116". The operations of pushing register contents onto the stack and popping them from the stack are shown in Figure 6. Store registers other than those described in Figure 6 with program when the user needs them during interrupts or subroutine calls (see Table 2).
[Accumulator (A)]
The accumulator is an 8-bit register. Data operations such as data transfer, etc., are executed mainly through the accumulator.
[Index Register X (X)]
The index register X is an 8-bit register. In the index addressing modes, the value of the OPERAND is added to the contents of register X and specifies the real address.
[Program Counter (PC)]
The program counter is a 16-bit counter consisting of two 8-bit registers PCH and PCL. It is used to indicate the address of the next instruction to be executed.
[Index Register Y (Y)]
The index register Y is an 8-bit register. In partial instruction, the value of the OPERAND is added to the contents of register Y and specifies the real address.
b7 A b7 X b7 Y b7 S b15 PCH b7 b7 PCL
b0 Accumulator b0 Index register X b0 Index register Y b0 Stack pointer b0 Program counter b0 Processor status register (PS) Carry flag Zero flag Interrupt disable flag Decimal mode flag Break flag Index X mode flag Overflow flag Negative flag
NVTBD I ZC
Fig. 5 740 Family CPU register structure
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3858 Group
On-going Routine
Interrupt request (Note) Execute JSR M (S) Push return address on stack (S) M (S) (S) (PCH) (S) - 1 (PCL) (S)- 1
M (S) (S) M (S) (S) M (S) (S)
(PCH) (S) - 1 (PCL) (S) - 1 (PS) (S) - 1 Push contents of processor status register on stack Push return address on stack
Subroutine Execute RTS POP return address from stack (S) (PCL) (S) (PCH) (S) + 1 M (S) (S) + 1 M (S)
Interrupt Service Routine
Execute RTI (S) (PS) (S) (PCL) (S) (PCH) (S) + 1 M (S) (S) + 1 M (S) (S) + 1 M (S)
I Flag is set from "0" to "1" Fetch the jump vector POP contents of processor status register from stack
POP return address from stack
Note: Condition for acceptance of an interrupt
Interrupt enable flag is "1" Interrupt disable flag is "0"
Fig. 6 Register push and pop at interrupt generation and subroutine call Table 3 Push and pop instructions of accumulator or processor status register Push instruction to stack Accumulator Processor status register PHA PHP Pop instruction from stack PLA PLP
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3858 Group
[Processor status register (PS)]
The processor status register is an 8-bit register consisting of 5 flags which indicate the status of the processor after an arithmetic operation and 3 flags which decide MCU operation. Branch operations can be performed by testing the Carry (C) flag , Zero (Z) flag, Overflow (V) flag, or the Negative (N) flag. In decimal mode, the Z, V, N flags are not valid. *Bit 0: Carry flag (C) The C flag contains a carry or borrow generated by the arithmetic logic unit (ALU) immediately after an arithmetic operation. It can also be changed by a shift or rotate instruction. *Bit 1: Zero flag (Z) The Z flag is set if the result of an immediate arithmetic operation or a data transfer is "0", and cleared if the result is anything other than "0". *Bit 2: Interrupt disable flag (I) The I flag disables all interrupts except for the interrupt generated by the BRK instruction. Interrupts are disabled when the I flag is "1". *Bit 3: Decimal mode flag (D) The D flag determines whether additions and subtractions are executed in binary or decimal. Binary arithmetic is executed when this flag is "0"; decimal arithmetic is executed when it is "1". Decimal correction is automatic in decimal mode. Only the ADC and SBC instructions can be used for decimal arithmetic.
*Bit 4: Break flag (B) The B flag is used to indicate that the current interrupt was generated by the BRK instruction. The BRK flag in the processor status register is always "0". When the BRK instruction is used to generate an interrupt, the processor status register is pushed onto the stack with the break flag set to "1". *Bit 5: Index X mode flag (T) When the T flag is "0", arithmetic operations are performed between accumulator and memory. When the T flag is "1", direct arithmetic operations and direct data transfers are enabled between memory locations. *Bit 6: Overflow flag (V) The V flag is used during the addition or subtraction of one byte of signed data. It is set if the result exceeds +127 to -128. When the BIT instruction is executed, bit 6 of the memory location operated on by the BIT instruction is stored in the overflow flag. *Bit 7: Negative flag (N) The N flag is set if the result of an arithmetic operation or data transfer is negative. When the BIT instruction is executed, bit 7 of the memory location operated on by the BIT instruction is stored in the negative flag.
Table 4 Set and clear instructions of each bit of processor status register C flag Set instruction Clear instruction SEC CLC Z flag _ _ I flag SEI CLI D flag SED CLD B flag _ _ T flag SET CLT V flag _ CLV N flag _ _
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3858 Group
[CPU Mode Register (CPUM)] 003B16
The CPU mode register contains the stack page selection bit, etc. The CPU mode register is allocated at address 003B16.
b7 1
b0
CPU mode register
(CPUM : address 003B16)
Processor mode bits b1 b0 0 0 : Single-chip mode 0 1: 1 0 : Not available 1 1: Stack page selection bit 0 : 0 page 1 : 1 page Fix this bit to "1". Port XC switch bit 0 : I/O port function (stop oscillating) 1 : XCIN-XCOUT oscillating function Main clock (XIN-XOUT) stop bit 0 : Oscillating 1 : Stopped Main clock division ratio selection bits b7 b6 0 0 : = f(XIN)/2 (high-speed mode) 0 1 : = f(XIN)/8 (middle-speed mode) 1 0 : = f(XCIN)/2 (low-speed mode) 1 1 : Not available
Fig. 7 Structure of CPU mode register
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3858 Group
MEMORY Special Function Register (SFR) Area
The Special Function Register area in the zero page contains control registers such as I/O ports and timers.
ROM Code Protect Address (address FFDB16)
Address FFDB16, which is the reserved ROM area of QzROM, is the ROM code protect address. "0016" is written into this address when selecting the protect bit write by using a serial programmer or selecting protect enabled for writing shipment by Renesas Technology corp.. When "0016" is set to the ROM code protect address, the protect function is enabled, so that reading or writing from/to QzROM is disabled by a serial programmer. As for the QzROM product in blank, the ROM code is protected by selecting the protect bit write at ROM writing with a serial programmer. As for the QzROM product shipped after writing, "0016" (protect enabled) or "FF16" (protect disabled) is written into the ROM code protect address when Renesas Technology corp. performs writing. The writing of "0016" or "FF16" can be selected as ROM option setup ("MASK option" written in the mask file converter) when ordering.
RAM
RAM is used for data storage and for stack area of subroutine calls and interrupts.
ROM
The first 128 bytes and the last 2 bytes of ROM are reserved for device testing and the rest is user area for storing programs.
Interrupt Vector Area
The interrupt vector area contains reset and interrupt vectors.
Zero Page
Access to this area with only 2 bytes is possible in the zero page addressing mode.
Special Page
Access to this area with only 2 bytes is possible in the special page addressing mode.
s Notes
Because the contents of RAM are indefinite at reset, set initial values before using.
RAM area
RAM size (bytes) Address XXXX16
000016 SFR area 004016 010016 Zero page
192 256 384 512 640 768 896 1024 1536 2048
00FF16 013F16 01BF16 023F16 02BF16 033F16 03BF16 043F16 063F16 083F16
RAM
XXXX16
Not used
ROM area
ROM size (bytes) Address YYYY16 Address ZZZZ16
YYYY16 Reserved ROM area
(128 bytes)
4096 8192 12288 16384 20480 24576 28672 32768 36864 40960 45056 49152 53248 57344 61440
F00016 E00016 D00016 C00016 B00016 A00016 900016 800016 700016 600016 500016 400016 300016 200016 100016
F08016 E08016 D08016 C08016 B08016 A08016 908016 808016 708016 608016 508016 408016 308016 208016 108016
ZZZZ16
ROM FF0016 FFDB16 FFDC16 FFFE16 FFFF16 R eserved R O M area
(ROM code protect address)
Special page
Interrupt vector area Reserved ROM area
Fig. 8 Memory map diagram
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000016 000116 000216 000316 000416 000516 000616 000716 000816 000916 000A16 000B16 000C16 000D16 000E16 000F16 001016 001116 001216 001316 001416 001516 001616 001716 001816 001916 001A16 001B16 001C16 001D16 001E16 001F16
Port P0 (P0) Port P0 direction register (P0D) Port P1 (P1) Port P1 direction register (P1D) Port P2 (P2) Port P2 direction register (P2D) Port P3 (P3) Port P3 direction register (P3D) Port P4 (P4) Port P4 direction register (P4D)
002016 002116 002216 002316 002416 002516 002616 002716 002816 002916 002A16 002B16 002C16 002D16 002E16 002F16
Prescaler 12 (PRE12) Timer 1 (T1) Timer 2 (T2) Timer XY mode register (TM) Prescaler X (PREX) Timer X (TX) Prescaler Y (PREY) Timer Y (TY) Timer Z1 mode register (TZ1M) Timer Z1 low-order (TZ1L) Timer Z1 high-order (TZ1H) Timer Z2 mode register (TZ2M) Timer Z2 low-order (TZ2L) Timer Z2 high-order (TZ2H) Timer 12, X count source selection register (T12XCSS) Timer Y, Z1 count source selection register (TYZ1CSS) Timer Z2 count source selection register (TZ2CSS)
Port P0 pull-up control register (PULL0) Port P1 pull-up control register (PULL1) Port P2 pull-up control register (PULL2) Port P3 pull-up control register (PULL3) Port P4 pull-up control register (PULL4) Serial I/O2 control register 1 (SIO2CON1) Serial I/O2 control register 2 (SIO2CON2) Serial I/O2 register (SIO2) Transmit/Receive buffer register (TB/RB) Serial I/O1 status register (SIOSTS) Serial I/O1 control register (SIOCON) UART control register (UARTCON) Baud rate generator (BRG) PWM control register (PWMCON) PWM prescaler (PREPWM) PWM register (PWM)
003016 003116 003216 003316 003416 003516 003616 003716 003816 003916 003A16 003B16 003C16 003D16 003E16 003F16
AD control register (ADCON) AD conversion register (AD) Interrupt source selection register (INTSEL) Reserved MISRG Watchdog timer control register (WDTCON) Interrupt edge selection register (INTEDGE) CPU mode register (CPUM) Interrupt request register 1 (IREQ1) Interrupt request register 2 (IREQ2) Interrupt control register 1 (ICON1) Interrupt control register 2 (ICON2)
Reserved : Do not write any data to this addresses, because these areas are reserved.
Fig. 9 Memory map of special function register (SFR)
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3858 Group
I/O PORTS
The I/O ports have direction registers which determine the input/ output direction of each individual pin. Each bit in a direction register corresponds to one pin, and each pin can be set to be input port or output port. When "0" is written to the bit corresponding to a pin, that pin becomes an input pin. When "1" is written to that bit, that pin becomes an output pin. If data is read from a pin which is set to output, the value of the port output latch is read, not the value of the pin itself. Pins set to input are floating. If a pin set to input is written to, only the port output latch is written to and the pin remains floating. Table 5 I/O port function Pin P00/SIN2 P01/SOUT2 P02/SCLK2 P03/SRDY2 P04/AN5-P07AN8 P10-P17 P20/XCOUT P21/XCIN P22/CNTR2 P23/CNTR3 P24/RxD P25/TxD P26/SCLK1 P27/CNTR0/SRDY1 P30/AN0- P34/AN4 P40/CNTR1 P41/INT0 P42/INT1 P43/INT2/SCMP2 Name Port P0 Input/Output Input/output, individual bits I/O Structure CMOS compatible input level CMOS 3-state output
By setting the port P0 pull-up control register (address 001016), the port P1 pull-up control register (address 001116), the port P2 pull-up control register (address 001216), the port P3 pull-up control register (address 001316), or the port P4 pull-up control register (address 001416), ports can control pull-up with a program. However, the contents of these registers do not affect ports programmed as the output ports.
Non-Port Function Serial I/O2 function I/O
Related SFRs Serial I/O2 control register
A/D converter input Port P1 Port P2
AD control register AD input selection register CPU mode register Timer Z1 mode register Timer Z2 mode register Serial I/O1 control register
Ref.No. (1) (2) (3) (4) (13) (5) (6) (7) (8) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16)
Sub-clock generating circuit Timer Z1 function I/O Timer Z2 function I/O Serial I/O1 function I/O
Port P3 (Note) Port P4 (Note)
Timer X function I/O Serial I/O1 function I/O A/D converter input Timer Y function I/O External interrupt input External interrupt input SCMP2 output External interrupt input PWM output
P44/INT3/PWM
Timer XY mode register Serial I/O1 control register AD control register AD input selection register Timer XY mode register Interrupt edge selection register Interrupt edge selection register Serial I/O2 control register Interrupt edge selection register PWM control register
(17)
Note: When bits 5 to 7 of Ports P3 and P4 are read out, the contents are undefined.
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(1) Port P00
(2) Port P01
Pull-up control bit Pull-up control bit P01/SOUT2 P-channel output disable bit Direction register Serial I/O2 Transmit completion signal Serial I/O2 port selection bit Direction register
Data bus
Port latch Data bus Port latch
Serial I/O2 input Serial I/O2 output
(3) Port P02
Pull-up control bit P02/SCLK2 P-channel output disable bit Serial I/O2 synchronous clock selection bit Serial I/O2 port selection bit Direction register
(4) Port P03
Pull-up control bit
SRDY2 output enable bit Direction register
Data bus Data bus Port latch
Port latch
Serial I/O2 ready output Serial I/O2 clock output Serial I/O2 external clock input
(6) Port P20 (5) Port P1
Pull-up control bit Pull-up control bit Port XC switch bit Direction register Data bus Data bus Port latch Port latch
Direction register
Oscillator Port P21
(7) Port P21
Pull-up control bit Port XC switch bit Direction register Data bus Port latch Direction register
Port XC switch bit
(8) Ports P22,P23
Timer Z operating mode bits Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Pull-up control bit
Data bus Sub-clock generating circuit input
Port latch
Timer output CNTR interrupt input
Fig. 10 Port block diagram (1)
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(9) Port P24
Pull-up control bit Serial I/O1 enable bit Receive enable bit Direction register Data bus
(10) Port P25
Pull-up control bit P-channel output disable bit Serial I/O1 enable bit Transmit enable bit Direction register
Port latch Data bus
Port latch
Serial I/O1 input Serial I/O1 output
(11) Port P26
Pull-up control bit Serial I/O1 synchronous clock selection bit Serial I/O1 enable bit Serial I/O1 mode selection bit Serial I/O1 enable bit Direction register Data bus Port latch
(12) Port P27
Pull-up control bit Pulse output mode Serial I/O1 mode selection bit Serial I/O1 enable bit SRDY1 output enable bit Direction register Data bus Port latch
Pulse output mode Serial I/O1 clock output External clock input Serial ready output Timer output CNTR0 interrupt input
(13) Ports P04-P07, P30-P34
Pull-up control bit
(14) Port P40
Pull-up control bit
Direction register Data bus Data bus Port latch
Direction register
Port latch
A/D converter input Analog input pin selection bit Analog input port selection switch bit
Pulse output mode Timer output CNTR1 interrupt input
(15) Ports P41,P42
Pull-up control bit
(16) Port P43
Pull-up control bit Serial I/O2 I/O comparison signal control bit Direction register
Direction register
Data bus
Port latch
Data bus
Port latch
Interrupt input
Serial I/O2 I/O comparison signal output Interrupt input
Fig. 11 Port block diagram (2)
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(17) Port P44
Pull-up control bit PWM output enable bit Direction register Data bus Port latch
PWM output Interrupt input
Fig. 12 Port block diagram (3)
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b7
b0 Port P0 pull-up control register (PULL0: address 001016) P00 pull-up control bit 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up P01 pull-up control bit 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up P02 pull-up control bit 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up P03 pull-up control bit 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up P04 pull-up control bit 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up P05 pull-up control bit 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up P06 pull-up control bit 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up P07 pull-up control bit 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up
b7
b0 Port P1 pull-up control register (PULL1: address 001116) P10 pull-up control bit 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up P11 pull-up control bit 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up P12 pull-up control bit 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up P13 pull-up control bit 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up P14 pull-up control bit 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up P15 pull-up control bit 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up P16 pull-up control bit 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up P17 pull-up control bit 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up
Note: Pull-up control is valid when the corresponding bit of the port direction register is "0" (input). When that bit is "1" (output), pull-up cannot be set to the port of which pull-up is selected.
Note: Pull-up control is valid when the corresponding bit of the port direction register is "0" (input). When that bit is "1" (output), pull-up cannot be set to the port of which pull-up is selected.
b7
b0 Port P2 pull-up control register (PULL2: address 001216) P20 pull-up control bit 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up P21 pull-up control bit 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up P22 pull-up control bit 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up P23 pull-up control bit 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up P24 pull-up control bit 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up P25 pull-up control bit 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up P26 pull-up control bit 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up P27 pull-up control bit 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up
Note: Pull-up control is valid when the corresponding bit of the port direction register is "0" (input). When that bit is "1" (output), pull-up cannot be set to the port of which pull-up is selected.
Fig. 13 Structure of port registers (1)
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b7
b0 Port P3 pull-up control register (PULL3: address 001316) P30 pull-up control bit 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up P31 pull-up control bit 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up P32 pull-up control bit 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up P33 pull-up control bit 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up P34 pull-up control bit 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up Fix these bits to "0".
Note: Pull-up control is valid when the corresponding bit of the port direction register is "0" (input). When that bit is "1" (output), pull-up cannot be set to the port of which pull-up is selected.
b7
b0 Port P4 pull-up control register (PULL4: address 001416) P40 pull-up control bit 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up P41 pull-up control bit 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up P42 pull-up control bit 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up P43 pull-up control bit 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up P44 pull-up control bit 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up Fix these bits to "0".
Note: Pull-up control is valid when the corresponding bit of the port direction register is "0" (input). When that bit is "1" (output), pull-up cannot be set to the port of which pull-up is selected.
Fig. 14 Structure of port registers (2)
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INTERRUPTS
The 3858 group's interrupts are a type of vector and occur by 16 sources among 19 sources: eight external, ten internal, and one software.
Interrupt Control
Each interrupt is controlled by an interrupt request bit, an interrupt enable bit, and the interrupt disable flag except for the software interrupt set by the BRK instruction. An interrupt occurs if the corresponding interrupt request and enable bits are "1" and the interrupt disable flag is "0". Interrupt enable bits can be set or cleared by software. Interrupt request bits can be cleared by software, but cannot be set by software. The reset and the BRK instruction cannot be disabled with any flag or bit. The I (interrupt disable) flag disables all interrupts except the reset and the BRK instruction interrupt. When several interrupt requests occur at the same time, the interrupts are received according to priority.
Interrupt Operation
By acceptance of an interrupt, the following operations are automatically performed: 1. The contents of the program counter and the processor status register are automatically pushed onto the stack. 2. The interrupt disable flag is set and the corresponding interrupt request bit is cleared. 3. The interrupt jump destination address is read from the vector table into the program counter.
Interrupt Source Selection
Which of each combination of the following interrupt sources can be selected by the interrupt source selection register (address 003916). 1. INT3 or Serial I/O2 2. Timer Z1 or CNTR2 3. Timer Z2 or CNTR3 4. CNTR0 or CNTR2 5. CNTR1 or CNTR3
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Table 6 Interrupt vector addresses and priority Interrupt Source Reset (Note 2) INT0 Timer Z1 CNTR2 INT1 INT2 INT3 Serial I/O2 Timer Z2 CNTR3 Timer X Timer Y Timer 1 Timer 2 Serial I/O1 reception Serial I/O1 transmission CNTR0 CNTR2 CNTR1 CNTR3 A/D converter BRK instruction 16 17 FFDF16 FFDD16 FFDE16 FFDC16 15 FFE116 FFE016 8 9 10 11 12 13 FFEF16 FFED16 FFEB16 FFE916 FFE716 FFE516 FFEE16 FFEC16 FFEA16 FFE816 FFE616 FFE416 7 FFF116 FFF016 4 5 6 FFF716 FFF516 FFF316 FFF616 FFF416 FFF216 Priority 1 2 3 Vector Addresses (Note 1) High Low FFFD16 FFFC16 FFFB16 FFF916 FFFA16 FFF816 Interrupt Request Generating Conditions At reset At detection of either rising or falling edge of INT0 input At timer Z1 underflow At detection of either rising or falling edge of CNTR2 input At detection of either rising or falling edge of INT1 input At detection of either rising or falling edge of INT2 input At detection of either rising or falling edge of INT3 input At completion of serial I/O2 data transmission or reception At timer Z2 underflow At detection of either rising or falling edge of CNTR3 input At timer X underflow At timer Y underflow At timer 1 underflow At timer 2 underflow At completion of serial I/O1 data reception At completion of serial I/O1 transmission shift or when transmission buffer is empty At detection of either rising or falling edge of CNTR0 input At detection of either rising or falling edge of CNTR2 input At detection of either rising or falling edge of CNTR1 input At detection of either rising or falling edge of CNTR3 input At completion of A/D conversion At BRK instruction execution Non-maskable software interrupt External interrupt (active edge selectable) STP release timer underflow Valid when serial I/O1 is selected Valid when serial I/O1 is selected Remarks Non-maskable External interrupt (active edge selectable) External interrupt (active edge selectable) External interrupt (active edge selectable) External interrupt (active edge selectable) External interrupt (active edge selectable) Valid when serial I/O2 is selected
External interrupt (active edge selectable)
14
FFE316
FFE216
External interrupt (active edge selectable)
Notes 1: Vector addresses contain interrupt jump destination addresses. 2: Reset function in the same way as an interrupt with the highest priority.
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s Notes
When setting the followings, the interrupt request bit may be set to "1". *When setting external interrupt active edge Related register: Interrupt edge selection register (address 003A16) Timer XY mode register (address 002316) Timer Z1 mode register (address 002816) Timer Z2 mode register (address 002B16) *When switching interrupt sources of an interrupt vector address where two or more interrupt sources are allocated Related register: Interrupt source selection register (address 003616)
When not requiring for the interrupt occurrence synchronized with these setting, take the following sequence. Set the corresponding interrupt enable bit to "0" (disabled). Set the interrupt edge select bit or the interrupt source select bit to "1". Set the corresponding interrupt request bit to "0" after 1 or more instructions have been executed. {Set the corresponding interrupt enable bit to "1" (enabled).
Interrupt request bit Interrupt enable bit
Interrupt disable flag (I)
BRK instruction Reset
Interrupt request
Fig. 15 Interrupt control
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b7
b0
Interrupt edge selection register (INTEDGE : address 003A16) INT0 active edge selection bit INT1 active edge selection bit INT2 active edge selection bit INT3 active edge selection bit Not used (returns "0" when read) 0 : Falling edge active 1 : Rising edge active
b7
b0
Interrupt request register 1 (IREQ1 : address 003C16) INT0 interrupt request bit Timer Z1/CNTR2 interrupt request bit INT1 interrupt request bit INT2 interrupt request bit INT3/Serial I/O2 interrupt request bit Timer Z2/CNTR3 interrupt request bit Timer X interrupt request bit Timer Y interrupt request bit
b7
b0
Interrupt request register 2 (IREQ2 : address 003D16)
0 : No interrupt request issued 1 : Interrupt request issued
Timer 1 interrupt request bit Timer 2 interrupt request bit Serial I/O1 receive interrupt request bit Serial I/O1 transmit interrupt request bit CNTR0/CNTR2 interrupt request bit CNTR1/CNTR3 interrupt request bit AD converter interrupt request bit Not used (returns "0" when read) 0 : No interrupt request issued 1 : Interrupt request issued
b7
b0
Interrupt control register 1 (ICON1 : address 003E16) INT0 interrupt enable bit Timer Z1/CNTR2 interrupt enable bit INT1 interrupt enable bit INT2 interrupt enable bit INT3/Serial I/O2 interrupt enable bit Timer Z2/CNTR3 interrupt enable bit Timer X interrupt enable bit Timer Y interrupt enable bit
b7
b0
Interrupt control register 2 (ICON2 : address 003F16) Timer 1 interrupt enable bit Timer 2 interrupt enable bit Serial I/O1 receive interrupt enable bit Serial I/O1 transmit interrupt enable bit CNTR0/CNTR2 interrupt enable bit CNTR1/CNTR3 interrupt enable bit AD converter interrupt enable bit Not used (returns "0" when read) (Do not write "1" to this bit)
0 : Interrupts disabled 1 : Interrupts enabled
0 : Interrupts disabled 1 : Interrupts enabled
b7
b0
Interrupt source selection register (INTSEL: address 003616) INT3/Serial I/O2 interrupt source selection bit 0 : INT3 interrupt 1 : Serial I/O2 interrupt Timer Z1/CNTR2 interrupt source selection bit 0 : Timer Z1 interrupt 1 : CNTR2 interrupt Timer Z2/CNTR3 interrupt source selection bit 0 : Timer Z2 interrupt 1 : CNTR3 interrupt CNTR0/CNTR2 interrupt source selection bit 0 : CNTR0 interrupt 1 : CNTR2 interrupt CNTR1/CNTR3 interrupt source selection bit 0 : CNTR1 interrupt 1 : CNTR3 interrupt Not used (returns "0" when read)
Fig. 16 Structure of interrupt-related registers
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TIMERS q8-bit Timers
The 3858 group has four 8-bit timers: timer 1, timer 2, timer X, and timer Y. The timer 1 and timer 2 use one prescaler in common, and the timer X and timer Y use each prescaler. Those are 8-bit prescalers. Each of the timers and prescalers has a timer latch or a prescaler latch. The division ratio of each timer or prescaler is given by 1/(n + 1), where n is the value in the corresponding timer or prescaler latch. All timers are down-counters. When the timer reaches "0016", an underflow occurs at the next count pulse and the contents of the corresponding timer latch are reloaded into the timer and the count is continued. When the timer underflows, the interrupt request bit corresponding to that timer is set to "1". qTimer divider The divider count source is switched by the main clock division ratio selection bits of CPU mode register (bits 7 and 6 at address 003B16). When these bits are "00" (high-speed mode) or "01" (middle-speed mode), XIN is selected. When these bits are"10" (low-speed mode), XCIN is selected. qPrescaler 12 The prescaler 12 counts the output of the timer divider. The count source is selected by the timer 12, X count source selection register (address 002E16) among 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32, 1/64, 1/ 128, 1/256, 1/512, 1/1024 of f(XIN) or f(XCIN).
Timer X and Timer Y
The timer X and timer Y can each select one of four operating modes by setting the timer XY mode register (address 002316).
(1) Timer mode
qMode selection This mode can be selected by setting "00" to the timer X operating mode bits (bits 1 and 0) and the timer Y operating mode bits (bits 5 and 4) of the timer XY mode register (address 002316). qExplanation of operation The timer count operation is started by setting "0" to the timer X count stop bit (bit 3) and the timer Y count stop bit (bit 7) of the timer XY mode register (address 002316). When the timer reaches "0016", an underflow occurs at the next count pulse and the contents of timer latch are reloaded into the timer and the count is continued.
(2) Pulse output mode
qMode selection This mode can be selected by setting "01" to the timer X operating mode bits (bits 1 and 0) and the timer Y operating mode bits (bits 5 and 4) of the timer XY mode register (address 002316). qExplanation of operation The operation is the same as the timer mode's. Moreover the pulse which is inverted each time the timer underflows is output from CNTR0/CNTR1 pin. Regardless of the timer counting or not the output of CNTR0/CNTR1 pin is initialized to the level of specified by their active edge switch bits when writing to the timer. When the CNTR0 active edge switch bit (bit 2) and the CNTR1 active edge switch bit (bit 6) of the timer XY mode register (address 002316) is "0", the output starts with "H" level. When it is "1", the output starts with "L" level. Switching the CNTR0 or CNTR1 active edge switch bit will reverse the output level of the corresponding CNTR0 or CNTR1 pin. sPrecautions Set the double-function port of CNTR0/CNTR1 pin and port P27/ P40 to output in this mode.
Timer 1 and Timer 2
The timer 1 and timer 2 counts the output of prescaler 12 and periodically set the interrupt request bit. qPrescaler X and prescaler Y The prescaler X and prescaler Y count the output of the timer divider or f(XCIN). The count source is selected by the timer 12, X count source selection register (address 002E16) and the timer Y, Z1 count source selection register (address 002F16) among 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32, 1/64, 1/128, 1/256, 1/512, and 1/1024 of f(XIN) or f(XCIN); and f(XCIN).
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(3) Event counter mode
qMode selection This mode can be selected by setting "10" to the timer X operating mode bits (bits 1 and 0) and the timer Y operating mode bits (bits 5 and 4) of the timer XY mode register (address 002316). qExplanation of operation The operation is the same as the timer mode's except that the timer counts signals input from the CNTR0 or CNTR1 pin. The valid edge for the count operation depends on the CNTR0 active edge switch bit (bit 2) or the CNTR1 active edge switch bit (bit 6) of the timer XY mode register (address 002316). When it is "0", the rising edge is valid. When it is "1", the falling edge is valid. sPrecautions Set the double-function port of CNTR0/CNTR1 pin and port P27/ P40 to input in this mode.
(4) Pulse width measurement mode
qMode selection This mode can be selected by setting "11" to the timer X operating mode bits (bits 1 and 0) and the timer Y operating mode bits (bits 5 and 4) of the timer XY mode register (address 002316). qExplanation of operation When the CNTR0 active edge switch bit (bit 2) or the CNTR1 active edge switch bit (bit 6) of the timer XY mode register (address 002316) is "1", the timer counts during the term of one falling edge of CNTR0/CNTR1 pin input until the next rising edge of input ("L" term). When it is "0", the timer counts during the term of one rising edge input until the next falling edge input ("H" term). sPrecautions Set the double-function port of CNTR0/CNTR1 pin and port P27/ P40 to input in this mode. The count operation can be stopped by setting "1" to the timer X count stop bit (bit 3) and the timer Y count stop bit (bit 7) of the timer XY mode register (address 002316). The interrupt request bit is set to "1" each time the timer underflows. *Precautions when switching count source When switching the count source by the timer 12, X and Y count source selection bits, the value of timer count is altered in inconsiderable amount owing to generating of thin pulses on the count input signals. Therefore, select the timer count source before setting the value to the prescaler and the timer.
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XIN
"11" "00" "01"
(1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32, 1/64, 1/128, 1/256, 1/512, 1/1024) Divider Count source selection bit Data bus
XCIN
Clock for timer 12 Clock for timer Y
Main clock division ratio selection bits
Clock for timer X
"10"
Prescaler X latch (8) f(XCIN) Pulse width measurement mode Timer mode Pulse output mode Prescaler X (8) CNTR0 active edge switch bit "0" "1" CNTR0 active edge switch bit "1" Q Q Event counter mode Timer X count stop bit
Timer X latch (8)
Timer X (8)
To timer X interrupt request bit
P27/CNTR0
To CNTR0 interrupt request bit
Toggle flip-flop T R Timer X latch write pulse Pulse output mode
Port P27 direction register
Port P27 latch
"0"
Pulse output mode Data bus Count source selection bit
Clock for timer Y f(XCIN) Pulse width measurement mode
Prescaler Y latch (8) Timer mode Pulse output mode Prescaler Y (8)
Timer Y latch (8)
Timer Y (8)
P40/CNTR1
CNTR1 active edge switch bit "0" "1"
To timer Y interrupt request bit
Event counter mode
Timer Y count stop bit To CNTR1 interrupt request bit
CNTR1 active edge switch bit "1"
Q Toggle flip-flop T Q R Timer Y latch write pulse Pulse output mode
Port P40 direction register
Port P40 latch
"0"
Pulse output mode Data bus
Prescaler 12 latch (8)
Timer 1 latch (8)
Timer 2 latch (8)
Clock for timer 12
Prescaler 12 (8)
Timer 1 (8)
Timer 2 (8)
To timer 2 interrupt request bit
To timer 1 interrupt request bit
Fig. 17 Block diagram of timer X, timer Y, timer 1, and timer 2
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b7
b0
Timer XY mode register (TM : address 002316) Timer X operating mode bits b1 b0 0 0 : Timer mode 0 1 : Pulse output mode 1 0 : Event counter mode 1 1 : Pulse width measurement mode CNTR0 active edge switch bit 0 : Interrupt at falling edge Count at rising edge in event counter mode 1 : Interrupt at rising edge Count at falling edge in event counter mode Timer X count stop bit 0 : Count start 1 : Count stop Timer Y operating mode bits b5 b4 0 0 : Timer mode 0 1 : Pulse output mode 1 0 : Event counter mode 1 1 : Pulse width measurement mode CNTR1 active edge switch bit 0 : Interrupt at falling edge Count at rising edge in event counter mode 1 : Interrupt at rising edge Count at falling edge in event counter mode Timer Y count stop bit 0 : Count start 1 : Count stop
Fig. 18 Structure of timer XY mode register
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b7
b0
b7
b0
Timer 12, X count source selection register (T12XCSS : address 002E16) Timer 12 count source selection bits b3b2b1b0 0 0 0 0 : f(XIN)/2 or f(XCIN)/2 0 0 0 1 : f(XIN)/4 or f(XCIN)/4 0 0 1 0 : f(XIN)/8 or f(XCIN)/8 0 0 1 1 : f(XIN)/16 or f(XCIN)/16 0 1 0 0 : f(XIN)/32 or f(XCIN)/32 0 1 0 1 : f(XIN)/64 or f(XCIN)/64 0 1 1 0 : f(XIN)/128 or f(XCIN)/128 0 1 1 1 : f(XIN)/256 or f(XCIN)/256 1 0 0 0 : f(XIN)/512 or f(XCIN)/512 1 0 0 1 : f(XIN)/1024 or f(XCIN)/1024 1 0 1 0: 1 0 1 1: 1 1 0 0: Not used 1 1 0 1: 1 1 1 0: 1 1 1 1: Timer X count source selection bits b7b6b5b4 0 0 0 0 : f(XIN)/2 or f(XCIN)/2 0 0 0 1 : f(XIN)/4 or f(XCIN)/4 0 0 1 0 : f(XIN)/8 or f(XCIN)/8 0 0 1 1 : f(XIN)/16 or f(XCIN)/16 0 1 0 0 : f(XIN)/32 or f(XCIN)/32 0 1 0 1 : f(XIN)/64 or f(XCIN)/64 0 1 1 0 : f(XIN)/128 or f(XCIN)/128 0 1 1 1 : f(XIN)/256 or f(XCIN)/256 1 0 0 0 : f(XIN)/512 or f(XCIN)/512 1 0 0 1 : f(XIN)/1024 or f(XCIN)/1024 1 0 1 0 : f(XCIN) 1 0 1 1: 1 1 0 0: Not used 1 1 0 1: 1 1 1 0: 1 1 1 1:
Timer Y, Z1 count source selection register (TYZ1CSS : address 002F16) Timer Y count source selection bits b3b2b1b0 0 0 0 0 : f(XIN)/2 or f(XCIN)/2 0 0 0 1 : f(XIN)/4 or f(XCIN)/4 0 0 1 0 : f(XIN)/8 or f(XCIN)/8 0 0 1 1 : f(XIN)/16 or f(XCIN)/16 0 1 0 0 : f(XIN)/32 or f(XCIN)/32 0 1 0 1 : f(XIN)/64 or f(XCIN)/64 0 1 1 0 : f(XIN)/128 or f(XCIN)/128 0 1 1 1 : f(XIN)/256 or f(XCIN)/256 1 0 0 0 : f(XIN)/512 or f(XCIN)/512 1 0 0 1 : f(XIN)/1024 or f(XCIN)/1024 1 0 1 0 : f(XCIN) 1 0 1 1: 1 1 0 0: Not used 1 1 0 1: 1 1 1 0: 1 1 1 1: Timer Z1 count source selection bits b7b6b5b4 0 0 0 0 : f(XIN)/2 or f(XCIN)/2 0 0 0 1 : f(XIN)/4 or f(XCIN)/4 0 0 1 0 : f(XIN)/8 or f(XCIN)/8 0 0 1 1 : f(XIN)/16 or f(XCIN)/16 0 1 0 0 : f(XIN)/32 or f(XCIN)/32 0 1 0 1 : f(XIN)/64 or f(XCIN)/64 0 1 1 0 : f(XIN)/128 or f(XCIN)/128 0 1 1 1 : f(XIN)/256 or f(XCIN)/256 1 0 0 0 : f(XIN)/512 or f(XCIN)/512 1 0 0 1 : f(XIN)/1024 or f(XCIN)/1024 1 0 1 0 : f(XCIN) 1 0 1 1: 1 1 0 0: Not used 1 1 0 1: 1 1 1 0: 1 1 1 1:
b7
b0
Timer Z2 count source selection register (TZ2CSS : address 003016) Timer Z2 count source selection bits b3b2b1b0 0 0 0 0 : f(XIN)/2 or f(XCIN)/2 0 0 0 1 : f(XIN)/4 or f(XCIN)/4 0 0 1 0 : f(XIN)/8 or f(XCIN)/8 0 0 1 1 : f(XIN)/16 or f(XCIN)/16 0 1 0 0 : f(XIN)/32 or f(XCIN)/32 0 1 0 1 : f(XIN)/64 or f(XCIN)/64 0 1 1 0 : f(XIN)/128 or f(XCIN)/128 0 1 1 1 : f(XIN)/256 or f(XCIN)/256 1 0 0 0 : f(XIN)/512 or f(XCIN)/512 1 0 0 1 : f(XIN)/1024 or f(XCIN)/1024 1 0 1 0 : f(XCIN) 1 0 1 1: 1 1 0 0: Not used 1 1 0 1: 1 1 1 0: 1 1 1 1: Not used (returns "0" when read)
Fig. 19 Structure of timer 12, X, timer Y, Z1 and timer Z2 count source selection registers
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Timer Z1 q16-bit Timer
The timer Z1 is a 16-bit timer. When the timer reaches "000016", an underflow occurs at the next count pulse and the corresponding timer latch is reloaded into the timer and the count is continued. When the timer underflows, the interrupt request bit corresponding to the timer Z1 is set to "1". When reading/writing to the timer Z1, perform reading/writing to both the high-order byte and the low-order byte. When reading the timer Z1, read from the high-order byte first, followed by the loworder byte. Do not perform the writing to the timer Z1 between read operation of the high-order byte and read operation of the low-order byte. When writing to the timer Z1, write to the low-order byte first, followed by the high-order byte. Do not perform the reading to the timer Z1 between write operation of the low-order byte and write operation of the high-order byte. The timer Z1 can select the count source by the timer Z1 count source selection bits of timer Y, Z count source selection register (bits 7 to 4 at address 000F16). Timer Z1 can select one of seven operating modes by setting the timer Z1 mode register (address 002816).
(2) Event counter mode
qMode selection This mode can be selected by setting "000" to the timer Z1 operating mode bits (bits 2 to 0) and setting "1" to the timer/event counter mode switch bit (bit 7) of the timer Z1 mode register (address 002816). The valid edge for the count operation depends on the CNTR2 active edge switch bit (bit 5) of the timer Z1 mode register (address 002816). When it is "0", the rising edge is valid. When it is "1", the falling edge is valid. qInterrupt The interrupt at an underflow is the same as the timer mode's. qExplanation of operation The operation is the same as the timer mode's. Set the double-function port of CNTR2 pin and port P22 to input in this mode. Figure 22 shows the timing chart of the timer/event counter mode.
(3) Pulse output mode
qMode selection This mode can be selected by setting "001" to the timer Z1 operating mode bits (bits 2 to 0) and setting "0" to the timer/event counter mode switch bit (b7) of the timer Z1 mode register (address 002816). qCount source selection In high-, or middle-speed mode, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32, 1/64, 1/ 128, 1/256, 1/512 or 1/1024 of f(XIN); or f(XCIN) can be selected as the count source. In low-speed mode, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32, 1/64, 1/128, 1/256, 1/ 512 or 1/1024 of f(XCIN); or f(XCIN) can be selected as the count source. qInterrupt The interrupt at an underflow is the same as the timer mode's. qExplanation of operation The operation is the same as the timer mode's. Moreover the pulse which is inverted each time the timer underflows is output from CNTR2 pin. When the CNTR2 active edge switch bit (bit 5) of the timer Z1 mode register (address 002816) is "0", the output starts with "H" level. When it is "1", the output starts with "L" level. sPrecautions The double-function port of CNTR2 pin and port P22 is automatically set to the timer pulse output port in this mode. The output from CNTR2 pin is initialized to the level depending on CNTR2 active edge switch bit by writing to the timer. When the value of the CNTR2 active edge switch bit is changed, the output level of CNTR2 pin is inverted. Figure 23 shows the timing chart of the pulse output mode.
(1) Timer mode
qMode selection This mode can be selected by setting "000" to the timer Z1 operating mode bits (bits 2 to 0) and setting "0" to the timer/event counter mode switch bit (b7) of the timer Z1 mode register (address 002816). qCount source selection In high-, or middle-speed mode, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32, 1/64, 1/ 128, 1/256, 1/512 or 1/1024 of f(XIN); or f(XCIN) can be selected as the count source. In low-speed mode, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32, 1/64, 1/128, 1/256, 1/ 512 or 1/1024 of f(XCIN); or f(XCIN) can be selected as the count source. qInterrupt When an underflow occurs, the timer Z1/CNTR2 interrupt request bit (bit 0) of the interrupt request register 1 (address 003C16) is set to "1". qExplanation of operation During timer stop, usually write data to a latch and a timer at the same time to set the timer value. The timer count operation is started by setting "0" to the timer Z1 count stop bit (bit 6) of the timer Z1 mode register (address 002816). When the timer reaches "000016", an underflow occurs at the next count pulse and the contents of timer latch are reloaded into the timer and the count is continued. When writing data to the timer during operation, the data is written only into the latch. Then the new latch value is reloaded into the timer at the next underflow.
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(4) Pulse period measurement mode
qMode selection This mode can be selected by setting "010" to the timer Z1 operating mode bits (bits 2 to 0) and setting "0" to the timer/event counter mode switch bit (b7) of the timer Z1 mode register (address 002816). qCount source selection In high-, or middle-speed mode, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32, 1/64, 1/ 128, 1/256, 1/512 or 1/1024 of f(XIN); or f(XCIN) can be selected as the count source. In low-speed mode, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32, 1/64, 1/128, 1/256, 1/512 or 1/1024 of f(XCIN); or f(XCIN) can be selected as the count source. qInterrupt The interrupt at an underflow is the same as the timer mode's. When the pulse period measurement is completed, the timer Z1/ CNTR2 interrupt request bit (bit 1) of the interrupt request register 1 (address 003C16) is set to "1". qExplanation of operation The cycle of the pulse which is input from the CNTR2 pin is measured. When the CNTR2 active edge switch bit (bit 5) of the timer Z1 mode register (address 002816) is "0", the timer counts during the term from one falling edge of CNTR2 pin input to the next falling edge. When it is "1", the timer counts during the term from one rising edge input to the next rising edge input. When the valid edge of measurement completion/start is detected, the 1's complement of the timer value is written to the timer latch and "FFFF16" is set to the timer. Furthermore when the timer underflows, the timer Z1 interrupt request occurs and "FFFF16" is set to the timer. When reading the timer Z1, the value of the timer latch (measured value) is read. The measured value is retained until the next measurement completion. sPrecautions Set the double-function port of CNTR2 pin and port P22 to input in this mode. A read-out of timer value is impossible in this mode. The timer can be written to only during timer stop (no measurement of pulse period). Since the timer latch in this mode is specialized for the read-out of measured values, do not perform any write operation during measurement. "FFFF16" is set to the timer when the timer underflows or when the valid edge of measurement start/completion is detected. Consequently, the timer value at start of pulse period measurement depends on the timer value just before measurement start. Figure 24 shows the timing chart of the pulse period measurement mode.
(5) Pulse width measurement mode
qMode selection This mode can be selected by setting "011" to the timer Z1 operating mode bits (bits 2 to 0) and setting "0" to the timer/event counter mode switch bit (b7) of the timer Z1 mode register (address 002816). qCount source selection In high-, or middle-speed mode, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32, 1/64, 1/ 128, 1/256, 1/512 or 1/1024 of f(XIN); or f(XCIN) can be selected as the count source. In low-speed mode, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32, 1/64, 1/128, 1/256, 1/512 or 1/1024 of f(XCIN); or f(XCIN) can be selected as the count source. qInterrupt The interrupt at an underflow is the same as the timer mode's. When the pulse widths measurement is completed, the timer Z1/ CNTR2 interrupt request bit (bit 1) of the interrupt request register 2 (address 003C16) is set to "1". qExplanation of operation The pulse width which is input from the CNTR2 pin is measured. When the CNTR2 active edge switch bit (bit 5) of the timer Z1 mode register (address 002816) is "0", the timer counts during the term from one rising edge input to the next falling edge input ("H" term). When it is "1", the timer counts during the term from one falling edge of CNTR2 pin input to the next rising edge of input ("L" term). When the valid edge of measurement completion is detected, the 1's complement of the timer value is written to the timer latch. When the valid edge of measurement completion/start is detected, "FFFF16" is set to the timer. When the timer Z1 underflows, the timer Z1 interrupt occurs and "FFFF16" is set to the timer Z1. When reading the timer Z1, the value of the timer latch (measured value) is read. The measured value is retained until the next measurement completion. sPrecautions Set the double-function port of CNTR2 pin and port P22 to input in this mode. A read-out of timer value is impossible in this mode. The timer can be written to only during timer stop (no measurement of pulse widths). Since the timer latch in this mode is specialized for the read-out of measured values, do not perform any write operation during measurement. "FFFF16" is set to the timer when the timer underflows or when the valid edge of measurement start/completion is detected. Consequently, the timer value at start of pulse width measurement depends on the timer value just before measurement start. Figure 25 shows the timing chart of the pulse width measurement mode.
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(6) Programmable waveform generating mode
qMode selection This mode can be selected by setting "100" to the timer Z1 operating mode bits (bits 2 to 0) and setting "0" to the timer/event counter mode switch bit (b7) of the timer Z1 mode register (address 002816). qCount source selection In high-, or middle-speed mode, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32, 1/64, 1/ 128, 1/256, 1/512 or 1/1024 of f(XIN); or f(XCIN) can be selected as the count source. In low-speed mode, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32, 1/64, 1/128, 1/256, 1/ 512 or 1/1024 of f(XCIN); or f(XCIN) can be selected as the count source. qInterrupt The interrupt at an underflow is the same as the timer mode's. qExplanation of operation The operation is the same as the timer mode's. Moreover the timer outputs the data set in the output level latch (bit 4) of the timer Z1 mode register (address 002816) from the CNTR2 pin each time the timer underflows. Changing the value of the output level latch and the timer latch after an underflow makes it possible to output an optional waveform from the CNTR2 pin. sPrecautions The double-function port of CNTR2 pin and port P22 is automatically set to the programmable waveform generating port in this mode. Figure 26 shows the timing chart of the programmable waveform generating mode.
though "H" is output from the CNTR2 pin, "H" output state continues because an underflow does not occur. *"L" one-shot pulse; Bit 5 of timer Z1 mode register = "1" The output level of the CNTR2 pin is initialized to "H" at mode selection. When trigger generation (input signal to INT1 pin) is detected, "L" is output from the CNTR2 pin. When an underflow occurs, "H" is output. The "L" one-shot pulse width is set by the setting value to the timer Z1 low-order and high-order. When trigger generating is detected during timer count stop, although "L" is output from the CNTR2 pin, "L" output state continues because an underflow does not occur. sPrecautions Set the double-function port of INT1 pin and port P42 to input in this mode. Set the double function port of CNTR2 pin and port P22 is automatically set to the programmable one-shot generating port in this mode. This mode cannot be used in low-speed mode. If the value of the CNTR2 active edge switch bit is changed during one-shot generating enabled or generating one-shot pulse, then the output level from CNTR2 pin changes. Figure 27 shows the timing chart of the programmable one-shot generating mode.
sNotes regarding all modes
qTimer Z1 write control Which write control can be selected by the timer Z1 write control bit (bit 3) of the timer Z1 mode register (address 002816), writing data to both the latch and the timer at the same time or writing data only to the latch. When the operation "writing data only to the latch" is selected, the value is set to the timer latch by writing data to the address of timer Z1 and the timer is updated at next underflow. After reset release, the operation "writing data to both the latch and the timer at the same time" is selected, and the value is set to both the latch and the timer at the same time by writing data to the address of timer Z1. In the case of writing data only to the latch, if writing data to the latch and an underflow are performed almost at the same time, the timer value may become undefined. qTimer Z1 read control A read-out of timer value is impossible in pulse period measurement mode and pulse width measurement mode. In the other modes, a read-out of timer value is possible regardless of count operating or stopped. However, a read-out of timer latch value is impossible. qSwitch of interrupt active edge of CNTR2 and INT1 Each interrupt active edge depends on setting of the CNTR2 active edge switch bit and the INT1 active edge selection bit. qSwitch of count source When switching the count source by the timer Z1 count source selection bits, the value of timer count is altered in inconsiderable amount owing to generating of thin pulses on the count input signals. Therefore, select the timer count source before setting the value to the prescaler and the timer. qUsage of CNTR2 pin as normal I/O port P22 To use the CNTR2 pin as normal I/O port P22, set timer Z1 operating mode bits (b2, b1, b0) of timer Z1 mode register (address 002816) to "000".
(7) Programmable one-shot generating mode
qMode selection This mode can be selected by setting "101" to the timer Z1 operating mode bits (bits 2 to 0) and setting "0" to the timer/event counter mode switch bit (b7) of the timer Z1 mode register (address 002816). qCount source selection In high-, or middle-speed mode, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32, 1/64, 1/ 128, 1/256, 1/512 or 1/1024 of f(XIN); or f(XCIN) can be selected as the count source. qInterrupt The interrupt at an underflow is the same as the timer mode's. The trigger to generate one-shot pulse can be selected by the INT1 active edge selection bit (bit 1) of the interrupt edge selection register (address 003A16). When it is "0", the falling edge active is selected; when it is "1", the rising edge active is selected. When the valid edge of the INT1 pin is detected, the INT1 interrupt request bit (bit 1) of the interrupt request register 1 (address 003C16) is set to "1". qExplanation of operation *"H" one-shot pulse; Bit 5 of timer Z1 mode register = "0" The output level of the CNTR2 pin is initialized to "L" at mode selection. When trigger generation (input signal to INT1 pin) is detected, "H" is output from the CNTR2 pin. When an underflow occurs, "L" is output. The "H" one-shot pulse width is set by the setting value to the timer Z1 register low-order and high-order. When trigger generating is detected during timer count stop, al-
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CNTR2 active edge Data bus switch bit Programmable one-shot P42/INT1 Programmable one-shot generating mode
"1"
Programmable one-shot generating circuit
"0"
generating mode
Programmable waveform generating mode Output level latch
D T Q
To INT1 interrupt request bit
Pulse output mode CNTR2 active edge switch bit S
Q Q "1" "001" "100" "101" "0" T
Pulse output mode
Timer Z1 operating mode bits Port P22 direction register
Timer Z1 low-order latch Timer Z1 high-order latch Port P22 latch Timer Z1 low-order Timer Z1 high-order
To timer Z1 interrupt request bit
Pulse period measurement mode Pulse width measurement mode
Edge detection circuit To CNTR2 interrupt request bit
"1"
"1" f(XCIN) "0"
P22/CNTR2
CNTR2 active edge switch bit Clock for timer Z1
"0"
Timer/Event counter mode switch bit
Timer Z1 count stop bit
XIN
XCIN
Count source Divider selection bit (1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32, 1/64, 1/128, 1/256, 1/512, 1/1024)
Fig. 20 Block diagram of timer Z1
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b7
b0
Timer Z1 mode register (TZ1M : address 002816) Timer Z1 operating mode bits b2b1b0 0 0 0 : Timer/Event counter mode 0 0 1 : Pulse output mode 0 1 0 : Pulse period measurement mode 0 1 1 : Pulse width measurement mode 1 0 0 : Programmable waveform generating mode 1 0 1 : Programmable one-shot generating mode 1 1 0 : Not available 1 1 1 : Not available Timer Z1 write control bit 0 : Writing data to both latch and timer simultaneously 1 : Writing data only to latch Output level latch 0 : "L" output 1 : "H" output CNTR2 active edge switch bit 0 : *Event counter mode: Count at rising edge *Pulse output mode: Start outputting "H" *Pulse period measurement mode: Measurement between two falling edges *Pulse width measurement mode: Measurement of "H" term *Programmable one-shot generating mode: After start outputting "L", "H" one-shot pulse generated *Interrupt at falling edge 1 : *Event counter mode: Count at falling edge *Pulse output mode: Start outputting "L" *Pulse period measurement mode: Measurement between two rising edges *Pulse width measurement mode: Measurement of "L" term *Programmable one-shot generating mode: After start outputting "H", "L" one-shot pulse generated *Interrupt at rising edge Timer Z1 count stop bit 0 : Count start 1 : Count stop Timer/Event counter mode switch bit (Note) 0 : Timer mode 1 : Event counter mode Note: When selecting the modes except the timer/event counter mode, set "0" to this bit.
Fig. 21 Structure of timer Z1 mode register
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FFFF16 TL
000016 TR TR TR
TL : Value set to timer latch TR : Timer interrupt request
Fig. 22 Timing chart of timer/event counter mode
FFFF16
TL
000016 TR TR TR TR
Waveform output from CNTR2 pin CNTR2 CNTR2 TL : Value set to timer latch TR : Timer interrupt request CNTR2 : CNTR2 interrupt request (CNTR2 active edge switch bit = "0"; Falling edge active)
Fig. 23 Timing chart of pulse output mode
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000016 T3 T2 T1 FFFF16 TR FFFF16 + T1 Signal input from CNTR2 pin CNTR2 CNTR2 CNTR2 of rising edge active TR : Timer interrupt request CNTR2 : CNTR2 interrupt request
Fig. 24 Timing chart of pulse period measurement mode (Measuring term between two rising edges)
TR T2 T3 FFFF16
CNTR2
CNTR2
000016 T3 T2 T1 FFFF16 TR
Signal input from CNTR2 pin
FFFF16 + T2
T3
T1
CNTR2 CNTR2 CNTR2 CNTR2 interrupt of rising edge active; Measurement of "L" width TR : Timer interrupt request CNTR2 : CNTR2 interrupt request
Fig. 25 Timing chart of pulse width measurement mode (Measuring "L" term)
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FFFF16 T3 L T2 T1 000016
Signal output from CNTR2 pin
L TR
T1
T3
T2
TR TR TR CNTR2 CNTR2 L : Timer initial value TR : Timer interrupt request CNTR2 : CNTR2 interrupt request (CNTR2 active edge switch bit = "0"; Falling edge active)
Fig. 26 Timing chart of programmable waveform generating mode
FFFF16
L
Signal input from INT1 pin Signal output from CNTR2 pin
TR
TR
TR
L CNTR2
L CNTR2
L
L : One-shot pulse width TR : Timer interrupt request CNTR2 : CNTR2 interrupt request (CNTR2 active edge switch bit = "0"; Falling edge active)
Fig. 27 Timing chart of programmable one-shot generating mode ("H" one-shot pulse generating)
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Timer Z2 q16-bit Timer
The timer Z2 is a 16-bit timer. When the timer reaches "000016", an underflow occurs at the next count pulse and the corresponding timer latch is reloaded into the timer and the count is continued. When the timer underflows, the interrupt request bit corresponding to the timer Z2 is set to "1". When reading/writing to the timer Z2, perform reading/writing to both the high-order byte and the low-order byte. When reading the timer Z2, read from the high-order byte first, followed by the loworder byte. Do not perform the writing to the timer Z2 between read operation of the high-order byte and read operation of the low-order byte. When writing to the timer Z2, write to the low-order byte first, followed by the high-order byte. Do not perform the reading to the timer Z2 between write operation of the low-order byte and write operation of the high-order byte. The timer Z2 can select the count source by the timer Z2 count source selection bits of timer Z2 count source selection register (bits 7 to 4 at address 003016). Timer Z2 can select one of seven operating modes by setting the timer Z2 mode register (address 002B16).
(2) Event counter mode
qMode selection This mode can be selected by setting "000" to the timer Z2 operating mode bits (bits 2 to 0) and setting "1" to the timer/event counter mode switch bit (bit 7) of the timer Z2 mode register (address 002B16). The valid edge for the count operation depends on the CNTR3 active edge switch bit (bit 5) of the timer Z2 mode register (address 002B16). When it is "0", the rising edge is valid. When it is "1", the falling edge is valid. qInterrupt The interrupt at an underflow is the same as the timer mode's. qExplanation of operation The operation is the same as the timer mode's. Set the double-function port of CNTR3 pin and port P23 to input in this mode. Figure 30 shows the timing chart of the timer/event counter mode.
(3) Pulse output mode
qMode selection This mode can be selected by setting "001" to the timer Z2 operating mode bits (bits 2 to 0) and setting "0" to the timer/event counter mode switch bit (b7) of the timer Z2 mode register (address 002B16). qCount source selection In high-, or middle-speed mode, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32, 1/64, 1/ 128, 1/256, 1/512 or 1/1024 of f(XIN); or f(XCIN) can be selected as the count source. In low-speed mode, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32, 1/64, 1/128, 1/256, 1/ 512 or 1/1024 of f(XCIN); or f(XCIN) can be selected as the count source. qInterrupt The interrupt at an underflow is the same as the timer mode's. qExplanation of operation The operation is the same as the timer mode's. Moreover the pulse which is inverted each time the timer underflows is output from CNTR3 pin. When the CNTR3 active edge switch bit (bit 5) of the timer Z2 mode register (address 002B16) is "0", the output starts with "H" level. When it is "1", the output starts with "L" level. sPrecautions The double-function port of CNTR3 pin and port P23 is automatically set to the timer pulse output port in this mode. The output from CNTR3 pin is initialized to the level depending on CNTR3 active edge switch bit by writing to the timer. When the value of the CNTR3 active edge switch bit is changed, the output level of CNTR3 pin is inverted. Figure 31 shows the timing chart of the pulse output mode.
(1) Timer mode
qMode selection This mode can be selected by setting "000" to the timer Z2 operating mode bits (bits 2 to 0) and setting "0" to the timer/event counter mode switch bit (b7) of the timer Z2 mode register (address 002B16). qCount source selection In high-, or middle-speed mode, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32, 1/64, 1/ 128, 1/256, 1/512 or 1/1024 of f(XIN); or f(XCIN) can be selected as the count source. In low-speed mode, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32, 1/64, 1/128, 1/256, 1/ 512 or 1/1024 of f(XCIN); or f(XCIN) can be selected as the count source. qInterrupt When an underflow occurs, the timer Z2/CNTR3 interrupt request bit (bit 5) of the interrupt request register 1 (address 003C16) is set to "1". qExplanation of operation During timer stop, usually write data to a latch and a timer at the same time to set the timer value. The timer count operation is started by setting "0" to the timer Z2 count stop bit (bit 6) of the timer Z2 mode register (address 002B16). When the timer reaches "000016", an underflow occurs at the next count pulse and the contents of timer latch are reloaded into the timer and the count is continued. When writing data to the timer during operation, the data is written only into the latch. Then the new latch value is reloaded into the timer at the next underflow.
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(4) Pulse period measurement mode
qMode selection This mode can be selected by setting "010" to the timer Z2 operating mode bits (bits 2 to 0) and setting "0" to the timer/event counter mode switch bit (b7) of the timer Z2 mode register (address 002B16). qCount source selection In high-, or middle-speed mode, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32, 1/64, 1/ 128, 1/256, 1/512 or 1/1024 of f(XIN); or f(XCIN) can be selected as the count source. In low-speed mode, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32, 1/64, 1/128, 1/256, 1/512 or 1/1024 of f(XCIN); or f(XCIN) can be selected as the count source. qInterrupt The interrupt at an underflow is the same as the timer mode's. When the pulse period measurement is completed, the timer Z2/ CNTR3 interrupt request bit (bit 1) of the interrupt request register 1 (address 003C16) is set to "1". qExplanation of operation The cycle of the pulse which is input from the CNTR3 pin is measured. When the CNTR3 active edge switch bit (bit 5) of the timer Z2 mode register (address 002B16) is "0", the timer counts during the term from one falling edge of CNTR3 pin input to the next falling edge. When it is "1", the timer counts during the term from one rising edge input to the next rising edge input. When the valid edge of measurement completion/start is detected, the 1's complement of the timer value is written to the timer latch and "FFFF16" is set to the timer. Furthermore when the timer underflows, the timer Z2 interrupt request occurs and "FFFF16" is set to the timer. When reading the timer Z2, the value of the timer latch (measured value) is read. The measured value is retained until the next measurement completion. sPrecautions Set the double-function port of CNTR3 pin and port P23 to input in this mode. A read-out of timer value is impossible in this mode. The timer can be written to only during timer stop (no measurement of pulse period). Since the timer latch in this mode is specialized for the read-out of measured values, do not perform any write operation during measurement. "FFFF16" is set to the timer when the timer underflows or when the valid edge of measurement start/completion is detected. Consequently, the timer value at start of pulse period measurement depends on the timer value just before measurement start. Figure 32 shows the timing chart of the pulse period measurement mode.
(5) Pulse width measurement mode
qMode selection This mode can be selected by setting "011" to the timer Z2 operating mode bits (bits 2 to 0) and setting "0" to the timer/event counter mode switch bit (b7) of the timer Z2 mode register (address 002B16). qCount source selection In high-, or middle-speed mode, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32, 1/64, 1/ 128, 1/256, 1/512 or 1/1024 of f(XIN); or f(XCIN) can be selected as the count source. In low-speed mode, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32, 1/64, 1/128, 1/256, 1/512 or 1/1024 of f(XCIN); or f(XCIN) can be selected as the count source. qInterrupt The interrupt at an underflow is the same as the timer mode's. When the pulse widths measurement is completed, the timer Z2/ CNTR3 interrupt request bit (bit 1) of the interrupt request register 1 (address 003C16) is set to "1". qExplanation of operation The pulse width which is input from the CNTR3 pin is measured. When the CNTR3 active edge switch bit (bit 5) of the timer Z2 mode register (address 002B16) is "0", the timer counts during the term from one rising edge input to the next falling edge input ("H" term). When it is "1", the timer counts during the term from one falling edge of CNTR3 pin input to the next rising edge of input ("L" term). When the valid edge of measurement completion is detected, the 1's complement of the timer value is written to the timer latch. When the valid edge of measurement completion/start is detected, "FFFF16" is set to the timer. When the timer Z2 underflows, the timer Z2 interrupt occurs and "FFFF16" is set to the timer Z2. When reading the timer Z2, the value of the timer latch (measured value) is read. The measured value is retained until the next measurement completion. sPrecautions Set the double-function port of CNTR3 pin and port P23 to input in this mode. A read-out of timer value is impossible in this mode. The timer can be written to only during timer stop (no measurement of pulse widths). Since the timer latch in this mode is specialized for the read-out of measured values, do not perform any write operation during measurement. "FFFF16" is set to the timer when the timer underflows or when the valid edge of measurement start/completion is detected. Consequently, the timer value at start of pulse width measurement depends on the timer value just before measurement start. Figure 33 shows the timing chart of the pulse width measurement mode.
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(6) Programmable waveform generating mode
qMode selection This mode can be selected by setting "100" to the timer Z2 operating mode bits (bits 2 to 0) and setting "0" to the timer/event counter mode switch bit (b7) of the timer Z2 mode register (address 002B16). qCount source selection In high-, or middle-speed mode, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32, 1/64, 1/ 128, 1/256, 1/512 or 1/1024 of f(XIN); or f(XCIN) can be selected as the count source. In low-speed mode, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32, 1/64, 1/128, 1/256, 1/ 512 or 1/1024 of f(XCIN); or f(XCIN) can be selected as the count source. qInterrupt The interrupt at an underflow is the same as the timer mode's. qExplanation of operation The operation is the same as the timer mode's. Moreover the timer outputs the data set in the output level latch (bit 4) of the timer Z2 mode register (address 002B16) from the CNTR3 pin each time the timer underflows. Changing the value of the output level latch and the timer latch after an underflow makes it possible to output an optional waveform from the CNTR3 pin. sPrecautions The double-function port of CNTR3 pin and port P23 is automatically set to the programmable waveform generating port in this mode. Figure 34 shows the timing chart of the programmable waveform generating mode.
though "H" is output from the CNTR3 pin, "H" output state continues because an underflow does not occur. *"L" one-shot pulse; Bit 5 of timer Z2 mode register = "1" The output level of the CNTR3 pin is initialized to "H" at mode selection. When trigger generation (input signal to INT2 pin) is detected, "L" is output from the CNTR3 pin. When an underflow occurs, "H" is output. The "L" one-shot pulse width is set by the setting value to the timer Z2 low-order and high-order. When trigger generating is detected during timer count stop, although "L" is output from the CNTR3 pin, "L" output state continues because an underflow does not occur. sPrecautions Set the double-function port of INT2 pin and port P43 to input in this mode. Set the double function port of CNTR3 pin and port P23 is automatically set to the programmable one-shot generating port in this mode. This mode cannot be used in low-speed mode. If the value of the CNTR3 active edge switch bit is changed during one-shot generating enabled or generating one-shot pulse, then the output level from CNTR3 pin changes. Figure 35 shows the timing chart of the programmable one-shot generating mode.
sNotes regarding all modes
qTimer Z2 write control Which write control can be selected by the timer Z2 write control bit (bit 3) of the timer Z2 mode register (address 002B16), writing data to both the latch and the timer at the same time or writing data only to the latch. When the operation "writing data only to the latch" is selected, the value is set to the timer latch by writing data to the address of timer Z2 and the timer is updated at next underflow. After reset release, the operation "writing data to both the latch and the timer at the same time" is selected, and the value is set to both the latch and the timer at the same time by writing data to the address of timer Z2. In the case of writing data only to the latch, if writing data to the latch and an underflow are performed almost at the same time, the timer value may become undefined. qTimer Z2 read control A read-out of timer value is impossible in pulse period measurement mode and pulse width measurement mode. In the other modes, a read-out of timer value is possible regardless of count operating or stopped. However, a read-out of timer latch value is impossible. qSwitch of interrupt active edge of CNTR3 and INT2 Each interrupt active edge depends on setting of the CNTR3 active edge switch bit and the INT2 active edge selection bit. qSwitch of count source When switching the count source by the timer Z2 count source selection bits, the value of timer count is altered in inconsiderable amount owing to generating of thin pulses on the count input signals. Therefore, select the timer count source before setting the value to the prescaler and the timer. qUsage of CNTR3 pin as normal I/O port P23 To use the CNTR3 pin as normal I/O port P23, set timer Z2 operating mode bits (b2, b1, b0) of timer Z2 mode register (address 002B16) to "000".
(7) Programmable one-shot generating mode
qMode selection This mode can be selected by setting "101" to the timer Z2 operating mode bits (bits 2 to 0) and setting "0" to the timer/event counter mode switch bit (b7) of the timer Z2 mode register (address 002B16). qCount source selection In high-, or middle-speed mode, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32, 1/64, 1/ 128, 1/256, 1/512 or 1/1024 of f(XIN); or f(XCIN) can be selected as the count source. qInterrupt The interrupt at an underflow is the same as the timer mode's. The trigger to generate one-shot pulse can be selected by the INT2 active edge selection bit (bit 2) of the interrupt edge selection register (address 003A16). When it is "0", the falling edge active is selected; when it is "1", the rising edge active is selected. When the valid edge of the INT2 pin is detected, the INT2 interrupt request bit (bit 2) of the interrupt request register 1 (address 003C16) is set to "1". qExplanation of operation *"H" one-shot pulse; Bit 5 of timer Z2 mode register = "0" The output level of the CNTR3 pin is initialized to "L" at mode selection. When trigger generation (input signal to INT2 pin) is detected, "H" is output from the CNTR3 pin. When an underflow occurs, "L" is output. The "H" one-shot pulse width is set by the setting value to the timer Z2 register low-order and high-order. When trigger generating is detected during timer count stop, al-
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3858 Group
CNTR3 active edge Data bus switch bit Programmable one-shot P43/INT2 Programmable one-shot generating mode
"1"
Programmable one-shot generating circuit
"0"
generating mode
Programmable waveform generating mode Output level latch
D T Q
To INT2 interrupt request bit
Pulse output mode CNTR3 active edge switch bit S
Q Q "1" "001" "100" "101" "0" T
Pulse output mode
Timer Z2 operating mode bits Port P23 direction register
Timer Z2 low-order latch Timer Z2 high-order latch Port P23 latch Timer Z2 low-order Timer Z2 high-order
To timer Z2 interrupt request bit
Pulse period measurement mode Pulse width measurement mode
Edge detection circuit To CNTR3 interrupt request bit
"1"
"1" f(XCIN) "0"
P23/CNTR3
CNTR3 active edge switch bit Clock for timer Z2
"0"
Timer/Event counter mode switch bit
Timer Z2 count stop bit
XIN
XCIN
Count source Divider selection bit (1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32, 1/64, 1/128, 1/256, 1/512, 1/1024)
Fig. 28 Block diagram of timer Z2
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3858 Group
b7
b0
Timer Z2 mode register (TZ2M : address 002B16) Timer Z2 operating mode bits b2b1b0 0 0 0 : Timer/Event counter mode 0 0 1 : Pulse output mode 0 1 0 : Pulse period measurement mode 0 1 1 : Pulse width measurement mode 1 0 0 : Programmable waveform generating mode 1 0 1 : Programmable one-shot generating mode 1 1 0 : Not available 1 1 1 : Not available Timer Z2 write control bit 0 : Writing data to both latch and timer simultaneously 1 : Writing data only to latch Output level latch 0 : "L" output 1 : "H" output CNTR3 active edge switch bit 0 : *Event counter mode: Count at rising edge *Pulse output mode: Start outputting "H" *Pulse period measurement mode: Measurement between two falling edges *Pulse width measurement mode: Measurement of "H" term *Programmable one-shot generating mode: After start outputting "L", "H" one-shot pulse generated *Interrupt at falling edge 1 : *Event counter mode: Count at falling edge *Pulse output mode: Start outputting "L" *Pulse period measurement mode: Measurement between two rising edges *Pulse width measurement mode: Measurement of "L" term *Programmable one-shot generating mode: After start outputting "H", "L" one-shot pulse generated *Interrupt at rising edge Timer Z2 count stop bit 0 : Count start 1 : Count stop Timer/Event counter mode switch bit (Note) 0 : Timer mode 1 : Event counter mode Note: When selecting the modes except the timer/event counter mode, set "0" to this bit.
Fig. 29 Structure of timer Z2 mode register
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3858 Group
FFFF16 TL
000016 TR TR TR
TL : Value set to timer latch TR : Timer interrupt request
Fig. 30 Timing chart of timer/event counter mode
FFFF16
TL
000016 TR TR TR TR
Waveform output from CNTR3 pin CNTR3 CNTR3 TL : Value set to timer latch TR : Timer interrupt request CNTR3 : CNTR3 interrupt request (CNTR3 active edge switch bit = "0"; Falling edge active)
Fig. 31 Timing chart of pulse output mode
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3858 Group
000016 T3 T2 T1 FFFF16 TR FFFF16 + T1 Signal input from CNTR3 pin CNTR3 CNTR3 CNTR3 of rising edge active TR : Timer interrupt request CNTR3 : CNTR3 interrupt request
Fig. 32 Timing chart of pulse period measurement mode (Measuring term between two rising edges)
TR T2 T3 FFFF16
CNTR3
CNTR3
000016 T3 T2 T1 FFFF16 TR
Signal input from CNTR3 pin
FFFF16 + T2
T3
T1
CNTR3 CNTR3 CNTR3 CNTR3 interrupt of rising edge active; Measurement of "L" width TR : Timer interrupt request CNTR3 : CNTR3 interrupt request
Fig. 33 Timing chart of pulse width measurement mode (Measuring "L" term)
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3858 Group
FFFF16 T3 L T2 T1 000016
Signal output from CNTR3 pin
L TR
T1
T3
T2
TR TR TR CNTR3 CNTR3 L : Timer initial value TR : Timer interrupt request CNTR3 : CNTR3 interrupt request (CNTR3 active edge switch bit = "0"; Falling edge active)
Fig. 34 Timing chart of programmable waveform generating mode
FFFF16
L
Signal input from INT2 pin Signal output from CNTR3 pin
TR
TR
TR
L CNTR3
L CNTR3
L
L : One-shot pulse width TR : Timer interrupt request CNTR3 : CNTR3 interrupt request (CNTR3 active edge switch bit = "0"; Falling edge active)
Fig. 35 Timing chart of programmable one-shot generating mode ("H" one-shot pulse generating)
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3858 Group
SERIAL INTERFACE qSERIAL I/O1
Serial I/O1 can be used as either clock synchronous or asynchronous (UART) serial I/O1. A dedicated timer is also provided for baud rate generation.
(1) Clock Synchronous Serial I/O Mode
Clock synchronous serial I/O mode can be selected by setting the serial I/O1 mode selection bit of the serial I/O1 control register (bit 6 of address 001A16) to "1". For clock synchronous serial I/O, the transmitter and the receiver must use the same clock. If an internal clock is used, transfer is started by a write signal to the TB/RB.
Data bus Address 001816 Receive buffer register P24/RXD Receive shift register Shift clock Serial I/O1 control register Address 001A16
Receive buffer full flag (RBF) Receive interrupt request (RI) Clock control circuit
P26/SCLK1 Serial I/O1 synchronous clock selection bit Frequency division ratio 1/(n+1) Baud rate generator 1/4 Address 001C16 Clock control circuit Shift clock P25/TXD Transmit shift register Transmit buffer register Address 001816 Data bus Transmit shift completion flag (TSC) Transmit interrupt source selection bit Transmit interrupt request (TI) Transmit buffer empty flag (TBE) Serial I/O1 status register Address 001916
XIN
BRG count source selection bit 1/4
P27/SRDY1
F/F
Falling-edge detector
Fig. 36 Block diagram of clock synchronous serial I/O1
Transfer shift clock (1/2 to 1/2048 of the internal clock, or an external clock) Serial output TxD Serial input RxD D0 D0 D1 D1 D2 D2 D3 D3 D4 D4 D5 D5 D6 D6 D7 D7
Receive enable signal SRDY1 Write pulse to receive/transmit buffer register (address 001816) TBE = 0 RBF = 1 TSC = 1 Overrun error (OE) detection
TBE = 1 TSC = 0
Notes 1: As the transmit interrupt (TI), either when the transmit buffer has emptied (TBE=1) or after the transmit shift operation has ended (TSC=1), by setting the transmit interrupt source selection bit (TIC) of the serial I/O1 control register. 2: If data is written to the transmit buffer register when TSC=0, the transmit clock is generated continuously and serial data is output continuously from the TxD pin. 3: The receive interrupt (RI) is set when the receive buffer full flag (RBF) becomes "1" .
Fig. 37 Operation of clock synchronous serial I/O1 function
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3858 Group
(2) Asynchronous Serial I/O (UART) Mode
Clock asynchronous serial I/O mode (UART) can be selected by clearing the serial I/O1 mode selection bit (b6) of the serial I/O1 control register to "0". Eight serial data transfer formats can be selected, and the transfer formats used by a transmitter and receiver must be identical. The transmit and receive shift registers each have a buffer, but the
two buffers have the same address in memory. Since the shift register cannot be written to or read from directly, transmit data is written to the transmit buffer register, and receive data is read from the receive buffer register. The transmit buffer register can also hold the next data to be transmitted, and the receive buffer register can hold a character while the next character is being received.
Data bus Address 001816 Serial I/O1 control register Address 001A16 Receive buffer full flag (RBF) Receive interrupt request (RI) 1/16 PE FE SP detector Clock control circuit Serial I/O1 synchronous clock selection bit P26/SCLK1 BRG count source selection bit Frequency division ratio 1/(n+1) Baud rate generator Address 001C16 1/4 ST/SP/PA generator 1/16 P25/TXD Character length selection bit Transmit buffer register Address 001816 Data bus Transmit buffer empty flag (TBE) Serial I/O1 status register Address 001916 Transmit shift register Transmit shift completion flag (TSC) Transmit interrupt source selection bit Transmit interrupt request (TI) UART control register Address 001B16
P24/RXD
OE Receive buffer register Character length selection bit ST detector 7 bits Receive shift register 8 bits
XIN
Fig. 38 Block diagram of UART serial I/O1
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3858 Group
Transmit or receive clock
Transmit buffer write signal TBE=0 TSC=0 TBE=1 Serial output TXD ST TBE=0 TBE=1 TSC=1
D0
D1 1 start bit 7 or 8 data bit 1 or 0 parity bit 1 or 2 stop bit (s)
SP
ST
D0
D1
SP Generated at 2nd bit in 2-stop-bit mode
Receive buffer read signal
RBF=0 RBF=1 RBF=1
Serial input RXD
ST
D0
D1
SP
ST
D0
D1
SP
Notes 1: Error flag detection occurs at the same time that the RBF flag becomes "1" (at 1st stop bit, during reception). 2: As the transmit interrupt (TI), when either the TBE or TSC flag becomes "1", can be selected to occur depending on the setting of the transmit interrupt source selection bit (TIC) of the serial I/O1 control register. 3: The receive interrupt (RI) is set when the RBF flag becomes "1". 4: After data is written to the transmit buffer when TSC=1, 0.5 to 1.5 cycles of the data shift cycle is necessary until changing to TSC=0.
Fig. 39 Operation of UART serial I/O1 function
[Transmit Buffer Register/Receive Buffer Register (TB/RB)] 001816
The transmit buffer register and the receive buffer register are located at the same address. The transmit buffer is write-only and the receive buffer is read-only. If a character bit length is 7 bits, the MSB of data stored in the receive buffer is "0".
[Serial I/O1 Control Register (SIOCON)] 001A16
The serial I/O1 control register consists of eight control bits for the serial I/O1 function.
[UART Control Register (UARTCON)] 001B16
The UART control register consists of four control bits (bits 0 to 3) which are valid when asynchronous serial I/O is selected and set the data format of an data transfer and one bit (bit 4) which is always valid and sets the output structure of the P25/TXD pin.
[Serial I/O1 Status Register (SIOSTS)] 001916
The read-only serial I/O1 status register consists of seven flags (bits 0 to 6) which indicate the operating status of the serial I/O1 function and various errors. Three of the flags (bits 4 to 6) are valid only in UART mode. The receive buffer full flag (bit 1) is cleared to "0" when the receive buffer register is read. If there is an error, it is detected at the same time that data is transferred from the receive shift register to the receive buffer register, and the receive buffer full flag is set. A write to the serial I/O1 status register clears all the error flags OE, PE, FE, and SE (bit 3 to bit 6, respectively). Writing "0" to the serial I/O1 enable bit SIOE (bit 7 of the serial I/O1 control register) also clears all the status flags, including the error flags. Bits 0 to 6 of the serial I/O1 status register are initialized to "0" at reset, but if the transmit enable bit (bit 4) of the serial I/O1 control register has been set to "1", the transmit shift completion flag (bit 2) and the transmit buffer empty flag (bit 0) become "1".
[Baud Rate Generator (BRG)] 001C16
The baud rate generator determines the baud rate for serial transfer. The baud rate generator divides the frequency of the count source by 1/(n + 1), where n is the value written to the baud rate generator.
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3858 Group
b7
b0
Serial I/O1 status register (SIOSTS : address 001916) Transmit buffer empty flag (TBE) 0: Buffer full 1: Buffer empty Receive buffer full flag (RBF) 0: Buffer empty 1: Buffer full Transmit shift completion flag (TSC) 0: Transmit shift in progress 1: Transmit shift completed Overrun error flag (OE) 0: No error 1: Overrun error Parity error flag (PE) 0: No error 1: Parity error Framing error flag (FE) 0: No error 1: Framing error Summing error flag (SE) 0: (OE) U (PE) U (FE)=0 1: (OE) U (PE) U (FE)=1 Not used (returns "1" when read)
b7
b0
Serial I/O1 control register (SIOCON : address 001A16) BRG count source selection bit (CSS) 0: f(XIN) 1: f(XIN)/4 Serial I/O1 synchronous clock selection bit (SCS) 0: BRG output divided by 4 when clock synchronous serial I/O1 is selected, BRG output divided by 16 when UART is selected. 1: External clock input when clock synchronous serial I/O1 is selected, external clock input divided by 16 when UART is selected. SRDY1 output enable bit (SRDY) 0: P27 pin operates as ordinary I/O pin 1: P27 pin operates as SRDY1 output pin Transmit interrupt source selection bit (TIC) 0: Interrupt when transmit buffer has emptied 1: Interrupt when transmit shift operation is completed Transmit enable bit (TE) 0: Transmit disabled 1: Transmit enabled Receive enable bit (RE) 0: Receive disabled 1: Receive enabled Serial I/O1 mode selection bit (SIOM) 0: Clock asynchronous (UART) serial I/O 1: Clock synchronous serial I/O Serial I/O1 enable bit (SIOE) 0: Serial I/O1 disabled (pins P24 to P27 operate as ordinary I/O pins) 1: Serial I/O1 enabled (pins P24 to P27 operate as serial I/O1 pins)
b7
b0
UART control register (UARTCON : address 001B16) Character length selection bit (CHAS) 0: 8 bits 1: 7 bits Parity enable bit (PARE) 0: Parity checking disabled 1: Parity checking enabled Parity selection bit (PARS) 0: Even parity 1: Odd parity Stop bit length selection bit (STPS) 0: 1 stop bit 1: 2 stop bits P25/TXD P-channel output disable bit (POFF) 0: CMOS output (in output mode) 1: N-channel open drain output (in output mode) Not used (return "1" when read)
Fig. 40 Structure of serial I/O1 control registers
sNotes on serial interface
When setting the transmit enable bit of serial I/O1 to "1", the serial I/O1 transmit interrupt request bit is automatically set to "1". When not requiring the interrupt occurrence synchronized with the transmission enalbed, take the following sequence. (1) Set the serial I/O1 transmit interrupt enable bit to "0" (disabled). (2) Set the transmit enable bit to "1". (3) Set the serial I/O1 transmit interrupt request bit to "0" after 1 or more instructions have been executed. (4) Set the serial I/O1 transmit interrupt enable bit to "1" (enabled).
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3858 Group
qSERIAL I/O2
The serial I/O2 can be operated only as the clock synchronous type. As a synchronous clock for serial transfer, either internal clock or external clock can be selected by the serial I/O2 synchronous clock selection bit (b6) of serial I/O2 control register 1. The internal clock incorporates a dedicated divider and permits selecting 6 types of clock by the internal synchronous clock selection bits (b2, b1, b0) of serial I/O2 control register 1. Regarding SOUT2 and SCLK2 being output pins, either CMOS output format or N-channel open-drain output format can be selected by the P01/SOUT2, P02/SCLK2 P-channel output disable bit (b7) of serial I/O2 control register 1. When the internal clock has been selected, a transfer starts by a write signal to the serial I/O2 register (address 001716). After completion of data transfer, the level of the SOUT2 pin goes to high impedance automatically but bit 7 of the serial I/O2 control register 2 is not set to "1" automatically. When the external clock has been selected, the contents of the serial I/O2 register is continuously sifted while transfer clocks are input. Accordingly, control the clock externally. Note that the SOUT2 pin does not go to high impedance after completion of data transfer. To cause the SOUT2 pin to go to high impedance in the case where the external clock is selected, set bit 7 of the serial I/O2 control register 2 to "1" when SCLK2 is "H" after completion of data transfer. After the next data transfer is started (the transfer clock falls), bit 7 of the serial I/O2 control register 2 is set to "0" and the SOUT2 pin is put into the active state. Regardless of the internal clock to external clock, the interrupt request bit is set after the number of bits (1 to 8 bits) selected by the optional transfer bit is transferred. In case of a fractional number of bits less than 8 bits as the last data, the received data to be stored in the serial I/O2 register becomes a fractional number of bits close to MSB if the transfer direction selection bit of serial I/O2 control register 1 is LSB first, or a fractional number of bits close to LSB if the transfer direction selection bit is MSB first. For the remaining bits, the previously received data is shifted. At transmit operation using the clock synchronous serial I/O, the SCMP2 signal can be output by comparing the state of the transmit pin SOUT2 with the state of the receive pin SIN2 in synchronization with a rise of the transfer clock. If the output level of the SOUT2 pin is equal to the input level to the SIN2 pin, "L" is output from the SCMP2 pin. If not, "H" is output. At this time, an INT2 interrupt request can also be generated. Select a valid edge by bit 2 of the interrupt edge selection register (address 003A16).
b7
b0
Serial I/O2 control register 1 (SIO2CON1 : address 001516) Internal synchronous clock selection bits
b2 b1 b0
0 0 0 0 1 1
0 0 1 1 1 1
0: f(XIN)/8 (f(XCIN)/8 in low-speed mode) 1: f(XIN)/16 (f(XCIN)/16 in low-speed mode) 0: f(XIN)/32 (f(XCIN)/32 in low-speed mode) 1: f(XIN)/64 (f(XCIN)/64 in low-speed mode) 0: f(XIN)/128 f(XCIN)/128 in low-speed mode) 1: f(XIN)/256 (f(XCIN)/256 in low-speed mode)
Serial I/O2 port selection bit 0: I/O port 1: SOUT2,SCLK2 output pin
SRDY2 output enable bit 0: P03 pin is normal I/O pin 1: P03 pin is SRDY2 output pin Transfer direction selection bit 0: LSB first 1: MSB first Serial I/O2 synchronous clock selection bit 0: External clock 1: Internal clock P01/SOUT2 ,P02/SCLK2 P-channel output disable bit 0: CMOS output (in output mode) 1: N-channel open-drain output (in output mode )
b7 b0
Serial I/O2 control register 2 (SIO2CON2 : address 001616) Optional transfer bits
b2 b1 b0
0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1
0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
0: 1 bit 1: 2 bit 0: 3 bit 1: 4 bit 0: 5 bit 1: 6 bit 0: 7 bit 1: 8 bit
Not used ( returns "0" when read) Serial I/O2 I/O comparison signal control bit 0: P43 I/O 1: SCMP2 output SOUT2 pin control bit (P01) 0: Output active 1: Output high-impedance
[Serial I/O2 Control Registers 1, 2 (SIO2CON1 / SIO2CON2)] 001516, 001616
The serial I/O2 control registers 1 and 2 are containing various selection bits for serial I/O2 control as shown in Figure 41.
Fig. 41 Structure of Serial I/O2 control registers 1, 2
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3858 Group
XCIN
Main clock division ratio selection bits (Note)
1/8 1/16
Internal synchronous clock selection bits
Divider
"10" "00" "01"
1/32 1/64 1/128 1/256
Data bus
XIN
P03 latch
"0" Serial I/O2 synchronous clock selection bit SRDY2 "1" SRDY2 output enable bit Serial I/O2 synchronous clock selection bit Synchronous circuit
P03/SRDY2
"1" "0"
SCLK2
External clock
P02 latch
"0"
Optional transfer bits (3) Serial I/O counter 2 (3) Serial I/O2 interrupt request
P02/SCLK2
"1" Serial I/O2 port selection bit
P01 latch
"0"
P01/SOUT2
"1" Serial I/O2 port selection bit
P00/SIN2
Serial I/O2 register (8)
P43 latch
"0"
P43/SCMP2/INT2
Q "1" Serial I/O2 I/O comparison signal control bit
D
Note: Either high-speed, middle-speed or low-speed mode is selected by bits 6 and 7 of CPU mode register.
Fig. 42 Block diagram of Serial I/O2
Transfer clock (Note 1) Write-in signal to serial I/O2 register
(Note 2)
Serial I/O2 output SOUT2 Serial I/O2 input SIN2
D0
D1
.
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
Receive enable signal SRDY2
Serial I/O2 interrupt request bit set
Notes 1: When the internal clock is selected as a transfer clock, the f(XIN) clock division (f(XCIN) in low-speed mode) can be selected by setting bits 0 to 2 of serial I/O2 control register 1. 2: When the internal clock is selected as a transfer clock, the SOUT2 pin has high impedance after transfer completion.
Fig. 43 Timing chart of Serial I/O2
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3858 Group
SCMP2 SCLK2 SOUT2 SIN2
Judgement of I/O data comparison
Fig. 44 SCMP2 output operation
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3858 Group
PULSE WIDTH MODULATION (PWM)
The 3858 group has a PWM function with an 8-bit resolution, based on a signal that is the clock input XIN or that clock input divided by 2.
PWM Operation
When bit 0 (PWM enable bit) of the PWM control register is set to "1", operation starts by initializing the PWM output circuit, and pulses are output starting at an "H". If the PWM register or PWM prescaler is updated during PWM output, the pulses will change in the cycle after the one in which the change was made.
Data Setting
The PWM output pin also functions as port P44. Set the PWM period by the PWM prescaler, and set the "H" term of output pulse by the PWM register. If the value in the PWM prescaler is n and the value in the PWM register is m (where n = 0 to 255 and m = 0 to 255) : PWM period = 255 (n+1) / f(XIN) = 31.875 (n+1) s (when f(XIN) = 8 MHz,count source selection bit = "0") Output pulse "H" term = PWM period m / 255 = 0.125 (n+1) m s (when f(XIN) = 8 MHz,count source selection bit = "0")
31.875 m (n+1) s 255 PWM output T = [31.875 (n+1)] s m: Contents of PWM register n : Contents of PWM prescaler T : PWM period (when f(XIN) = 8 MHz,count source selection bit = "0") Fig. 45 Timing of PWM period
Data bus
PWM prescaler pre-latch
PWM register pre-latch
Transfer control circuit
PWM prescaler latch Count source selection bit XIN (XCIN at low-speed mode) 1/2 "0" "1" PWM prescaler
PWM register latch
Port P44 PWM register
Port P44 latch
PWM function enable bit
Fig. 46 Block diagram of PWM function
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3858 Group
b7
b0
PWM control register (PWMCON : address 001D16) PWM function enable bit 0: PWM disabled 1: PWM enabled Count source selection bit 0: f(XIN) (f(XCIN) at low-speed mode) 1: f(XIN)/2 (f(XCIN)/2 at low-speed mode) Not used (return "0" when read)
Fig. 47 Structure of PWM control register
A PWM output T PWM register write signal
B
C
B= C T T2
T (Changes "H" term from "A" to "B".)
T2
PWM prescaler write signal
(Changes PWM period from "T" to "T2".)
When the contents of the PWM register or PWM prescaler have changed, the PWM output will change from the next period after the change.
Fig. 48 PWM output timing when PWM register or PWM prescaler is changed
sNote
The PWM starts after the PWM function enable bit is set to enable and "L" level is output from the PWM pin. The length of this "L" level output is as follows:
n+1 2 f(XIN) n+1 f(XIN)
sec
(Count source selection bit = 0, where n is the value set in the prescaler)
sec
(Count source selection bit = 1, where n is the value set in the prescaler)
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3858 Group
A/D CONVERTER [AD Conversion Register (ADL)] 003516
The A/D conversion register is a read-only register that stores the result of A/D conversion. Do not read out this register during an A/ D conversion.
b7
b0
AD control register (ADCON : address 003416, initial value: 1016) Analog input pin selection bits 0 0 0 0: P30/AN0 0 0 0 1: P31/AN1 0 0 1 0: P32/AN2 0 0 1 1: P33/AN3 0 1 0 0: P34/AN4 0 1 0 1: P04/AN5 0 1 1 0: P05/AN6 0 1 1 1: P06/AN7 1 0 0 0: P07/AN8 AD conversion completion bit 0: Conversion in progress 1: Conversion completed Not used (returns "0" when read)
[AD Control Register (ADCON)] 003416
The A/D control register controls the A/D converter. Bit 3 to 0 are analog input pin selection bits. Bit 4 is the AD conversion completion bit. The value of this bit remains at "0" during A/D conversion, and changes to "1" at completion of A/D conversion. A/D conversion is started by setting this bit to "0".
Comparison Voltage Generator
The comparison voltage generator divides the voltage between AVSS and VREF by 256, and outputs the divided voltages.
Fig. 49 Structure of AD control register
Channel Selector
The channel selector selects one of ports P30/AN0 to P34/AN4, P04/AN5 to P07/AN8 and inputs the voltage to the comparator.
sNote on A/D converter
The comparator uses internal capacitors whose charge will be lost if the clock frequency is too low. Make sure that f(XIN) is 500 kHz or more during A/D conversion. As for AD translation accuracy, on the following operating conditions, accuracy may become low. (1) Since the analog circuit inside a microcomputer becomes sensitive to noise when VREF voltage is set up lower than Vcc voltage, accuracy may become low rather than the case where VREF voltage and Vcc voltage are set up to the same value.. (2) When VREF voltage is lower than [ 3.0 V ], the accuracy at the low temperature may become extremely low compared with that at room temperature. When the system would be used at low temperature, the use at VREF=3.0 V or more is recommended.
Comparator and Control Circuit
The comparator and control circuit compare an analog input voltage with the comparison voltage, and the result is stored in the AD conversion registers. When an A/D conversion is completed, the control circuit sets the AD conversion completion bit and the AD interrupt request bit to "1". Note that because the comparator consists of a capacitor coupling, set f(XIN) to 500 kHz or more during an A/D conversion.
Data bus
AD control register b7 (Address 003416)
b0
4 P30/AN0 P31/AN1 P32/AN2 P33/AN3 P34/AN4 P04/AN5 P05/AN6 P06/AN7 P07/AN8 A/D control circuit
Channel selector
A/D interrupt request
Comparator
AD conversion register 8 Resistor ladder
(Address 003516)
VREF
VSS
Fig. 50 Block diagram of A/D converter
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3858 Group
WATCHDOG TIMER
The watchdog timer gives a mean of returning to the reset status when a program cannot run on a normal loop (for example, because of a software run-away). The watchdog timer consists of an 8-bit watchdog timer L and an 8-bit watchdog timer H.
Bit 6 of Watchdog Timer Control Register
When bit 6 of the watchdog timer control register is "0", the MCU enters the stop mode by execution of STP instruction. Just after releasing the stop mode, the watchdog timer restarts counting (Note). When executing the WIT instruction, the watchdog timer does not stop. When bit 6 is "1", execution of STP instruction causes an internal reset. When this bit is set to "1" once, it cannot be rewritten to "0" by program. Bit 6 is "0" at reset. The necessary time after writing to the watchdog timer control register to an underflow of the watchdog timer H is shown as follows. When bit 7 of the watchdog timer control register is "0": 32 s at XCIN = 32.768 kHz frequency and 65.536 ms at XIN = 16 MHz frequency. When bit 7 of the watchdog timer control register is "1": 125 ms at XCIN = 32.768 kHz frequency and 256 s at XIN = 16 MHz frequency.
Note: The watchdog timer continues to count for waiting for a stop mode release time. Do not generate an underflow of the watchdog timer H during that time.
Initial Value of Watchdog Timer
At reset or writing to the watchdog timer control register (address 003916), each of watchdog timer H and L is set to "FF16". Any instruction which generates a write signal such as the instructions of STA, LDM, CLB and others can be used to write. The data of bits 6 and 7 are only valid when writing to the watchdog timer control register. Each of watchdog timer is set to "FF16" regardless of the written data of bits 0 to 5.
Operation of Watchdog Timer
The watchdog timer stops at reset and starts to count down by writing to the watchdog timer control register. An internal reset occurs at an underflow of the watchdog timer H. The reset is released after waiting for a reset release time and the program is processed from the reset vector address. Accordingly, programming is usually performed so that writing to the watchdog timer control register may be started before an underflow of the watchdog timer H. If writing to the watchdog timer control register is not performed once, the watchdog timer does not function.
XCIN "10" Main clock division ratio selection bits (Note) XIN
"FF16" is set when watchdog timer control register is written to. "0" Watchdog timer L (8) 1/16 "00" "01" "1" Watchdog timer H (8) Watchdog timer H count source selection bit
Data bus "FF16" is set when watchdog timer control register is written to.
STP instruction function selection bit STP instruction Reset circuit Internal reset
RESET
Note: Any one of high-speed, middle-speed or low-speed mode is selected by bits 7 and 6 of the CPU mode register.
Fig. 51 Block diagram of Watchdog timer
b7
b0
Watchdog timer control register (WDTCON : address 003916)
Watchdog timer H (for read-out of high-order 6 bit) STP instruction function selection bit 0: Entering Stop mode by execution of STP instruction 1: Internal reset by execution of STP instruction Watchdog timer H count source selection bit 0: Watchdog timer L underflow 1: f(XIN)/16 or f(XCIN)/16
Fig. 52 Structure of Watchdog timer control register
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RESET CIRCUIT
To reset the microcomputer, RESET pin must be held at an "L" level for 20 cycles or more of XIN. Then the RESET pin is returned to an "H" level (the power source voltage must be between 2.7 V and 5.5 V, and the oscillation must be stable), reset is released. After the reset is completed, the program starts from the address contained in address FFFD16 (high-order byte) and address FFFC16 (low-order byte). Make sure that the reset input voltage is less than 0.54 V for VCC of 2.7 V.
Poweron Power source voltage 0V Reset input voltage 0V (Note)
RESET
VCC
0.2VCC
Note : Reset release voltage; Vcc = 2.7 V
RESET
VCC Power source voltage detection circuit
Fig. 53 Reset circuit example
XIN
RESET
RESETOUT
Address
?
?
?
?
FFFC
FFFD
ADH,L
Reset address from the vector table.
Data
?
?
?
?
ADL
ADH
SYNC
XIN: 8 to 13 clock cycles Notes 1: The frequency relation of f(XIN) and f() is f(XIN) = 2 * f(). 2: The question marks (?) indicate an undefined state that depends on the previous state. 3: All signals except XIN and RESET are internals.
Fig. 54 Reset sequence
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3858 Group
Address Register contents (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) Port P0 (P0) Port P0 direction register (P0D) Port P1 (P1) Port P1 direction register (P1D) Port P2 (P2) Port P2 direction register (P2D) Port P3 (P3) Port P3 direction register (P3D) Port P4 (P4) 000016 000116 000216 000316 000416 000516 000616 000716 000816 000916 001016 001116 001216 001316 001416 001516 0016 0016 0016 0016 0016 0016 0016 0016 0016 0016 0016 0016 0016 0016 0016 0016 (35) Timer Z1 mode register (TZ1M) (36) Timer Z1 low-order (TZ1L) (37) Timer Z1 high-order (TZ1H) (38) Timer Z2 mode register (TZ2M) (39) Timer Z2 low-order (TZ2L) (40) Timer Z2 high-order (TZ2H)
Address Register contents 002816 002916 002A16 002B16 002C16 002D16 0016 FF16 FF16 0016 FF16 FF16
(41) T im er 12, X count source selection register (T12X C S S) 002E16 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 (42) T im er Y, Z 1 count source selection register (TY Z 1C S S) 002F16 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 (43) T im er Z2 count source selection register (T Z 2C SS ) (44) AD control register (ADCON) (45) AD conversion register (AD) (46) Interrupt source selection register (INTSEL) (47) MISRG (48) Watchdog timer control register (WDTCON) (49) Interrupt edge selection register (INTEDGE) (50) CPU mode register (CPUM) (51) Interrupt request register 1 (IREQ1) (52) Interrupt request register 2 (IREQ2) (53) Interrupt control register 1 (ICON1) (54) Interrupt control register 2 (ICON2) Processor status register Program counter 003016 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 003416 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 003516 X X X X X X X X 003616 003816 0016 0016
(10) Port P4 direction register (P4D) (11) Port P0 pull-up control register (PULL0) (12) Port P1 pull-up control register (PULL1) (13) Port P2 pull-up control register (PULL2) (14) Port P3 pull-up control register (PULL3) (15) Port P4 pull-up control register (PULL4) (16) Serial I/O2 control register 1 (SIO2CON1) (17) Serial I/O2 control register 2 (SIO2CON2) (18) Serial I/O2 register (SIO2) (19) Transmit/Receive buffer register (TB/RB) (20) Serial I/O1 status register (SIOSTS) (21) Serial I/O1 control register (SIOCON) (22) UART control register (UARTCON) (23) Baud rate generator (BRG) (24) PWM control register (PWMCON) (25) PWM prescaler (PREPWM) (26) PWM register (PWM) (27) Prescaler 12 (PRE12) (28) Timer 1 (T1) (29) Timer 2 (T2) (30) Timer XY mode register (TM) (31) Prescaler X (PREX) (32) Timer X (TX) (33) Prescaler Y (PREY) (34) Timer Y (TY)
003916 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 003A16 0016
003B16 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 003C16 003D16 003E16 003F16 (PS) (PCH) (PCL) 0016 0016 0016 0016 XXXXX1XX
FFFD16 contents FFFC16 contents
001616 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 001716 X X X X X X X X 001816 X X X X X X X X 001916 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 001A16 0016
001B16 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 001C16 X X X X X X X X 001D16 0016
001E16 X X X X X X X X 001F16 X X X X X X X X 002016 002116 002216 002316 002416 002516 002616 002716 FF16 0116 FF16 0016 FF16 FF16 FF16 FF16
Note : X : Not fixed Since the initial values for other than above mentioned registers and RAM contents are indefinite at reset, they must be set.
Fig. 55 Internal status at reset
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CLOCK GENERATING CIRCUIT
The 3858 group has two built-in oscillation circuits. An oscillation circuit can be formed by connecting a resonator between XIN and XOUT (XCIN and XCOUT). Use the circuit constants in accordance with the resonator manufacturer's recommended values. No external resistor is needed between XIN and XOUT since a feed-back resistor exists on-chip.(An external feed-back resistor may be needed depending on conditions.) However, an external feed-back resistor is needed between XCIN and XCOUT. Immediately after power on, only the XIN oscillation circuit starts oscillating, and XCIN and XCOUT pins function as I/O ports.
(2) Wait mode
If the WIT instruction is executed, the internal clock stops at an "H" level, but the oscillator does not stop. The internal clock restarts at reset or when an interrupt is received. Since the oscillator does not stop, normal operation can be started immediately after the clock is restarted. To ensure that the interrupts will be received to release the STP or WIT state, their interrupt enable bits must be set to "1" before executing of the STP or WIT instruction. When releasing the STP state, the prescaler 12 and timer 1 will start counting the clock XIN divided by 16. Accordingly, set the timer 1 interrupt enable bit to "0" before executing the STP instruction.
* Frequency Control (1) Middle-speed mode
The internal clock is the frequency of XIN divided by 8. After reset is released, this mode is selected.
sNotes
* If you switch the mode between middle/high-speed and lowspeed, stabilize both XIN and XCIN oscillations. The sufficient time is required for the sub-clock to stabilize, especially immediately after power on and at returning from the stop mode. When switching the mode between middle/high-speed and low-speed, set the frequency on condition that f(XIN) > 3 x f(XCIN). * When using the oscillation stabilizing time set after STP instruction released bit set to "1", evaluate time to stabilize oscillation of the used oscillator and set the value to the timer 1 and prescaler 12.
(2) High-speed mode
The internal clock is half the frequency of XIN.
(3) Low-speed mode
The internal clock is half the frequency of XCIN.
(4) Low power dissipation mode
The low power consumption operation can be realized by stopping the main clock XIN in low-speed mode. To stop the main clock, set bit 5 of the CPU mode register to "1". When the main clock XIN is restarted (by setting the main clock stop bit to "0"), set sufficient time for oscillation to stabilize. The sub-clock XCIN-XCOUT oscillating circuit can not directly input clocks that are generated externally. Accordingly, make sure to cause an external resonator to oscillate.
XCIN Rf
XCOUT Rd CCOUT
XIN
XOUT
Rd (Note)
Oscillation Control (1) Stop mode
If the STP instruction is executed, the internal clock stops at an "H" level, and XIN and XCIN oscillation stops. When the oscillation stabilizing time set after STP instruction released bit (bit 0 of address 003816) is "0", the prescaler 12 is set to "FF16" and timer 1 is set to "0116". When the oscillation stabilizing time set after STP instruction released bit is "1", set the sufficient time for oscillation of used oscillator to stabilize since nothing is set to the prescaler 12 and timer 1. After STP instruction is released, the input of the prescaler 12 is connected to count source which had set at executing the STP instruction, and the output of the prescaler 12 is connected to timer 1. Oscillator restarts when an external interrupt is received, but the internal clock is not supplied to the CPU (remains at "H") until timer 1 underflows. The internal clock is supplied for the first time, when timer 1 underflows. This ensures time for the clock oscillation using the ceramic resonators to be stabilized. When the oscillator is restarted by reset, apply "L" level to the RESET pin until the oscillation is stable since a wait time will not be generated.
CCIN
CIN
COUT
Notes : Insert a damping resistor if required. The resistance will vary depending on the oscillator and the oscillation drive capacity setting. Use the value recommended by the maker of the oscillator. Also, if the oscillator manufacturer's data sheet specifies that a feedback resistor be added external to the chip though a feedback resistor exists on-chip, insert a feedback resistor between XIN and XOUT following the instruction.
Fig. 56 Ceramic resonator circuit
XCIN Rf
XCOUT Rd CCOUT
XIN
XOUT Open
External oscillation circuit CCIN Vcc Vss
Fig. 57 External clock input circuit
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[MISRG (MISRG)] 003816
MISRG consists of three control bits (bits 1 to 3) for middle-speed mode automatic switch and one control bit (bit 0) for oscillation stabilizing time set after STP instruction released. By setting the middle-speed mode automatic switch start bit to "1" while operating in the low-speed mode and setting the middlespeed mode automatic switch set bit to "1", XIN oscillation automatically starts and the mode is automatically switched to the middle-speed mode.
b7
b0
MISRG (MISRG : address 003816) Oscillation stabilizing time set after STP instruction released bit 0: Automatically set "0116" to Timer 1, "FF16" to Prescaler 12 1: Automatically set nothing Middle-speed mode automatic switch set bit 0: Not set automatically 1: Automatic switching enable Middle-speed mode automatic switch wait time set bit 0: 6.5 to 7.5 machine cycles 1: 4.5 to 5.5 machine cycles Middle-speed mode automatic switch start bit (Depending on program) 0: Invalid 1: Automatic switch start Not used (return "0" when read) Note: When the mode is automatically switched from the low-speed mode to the middle-speed mode, the value of CPU mode register (address 003B16) changes.
Fig. 58 Structure of MISRG
XCIN
XCOUT
"1" "0"
Port XC switch bit
XIN
(Note 4)
XOUT
Main clock division ratio selection bits (Note 1) Low-speed mode
Divider Prescaler 12
(Note 3)
1/2
High-speed or middle-speed mode
1/4
Timer 1
Reset or STP instruction (Note 2)
Main clock division ratio selection bits (Note 1) Middle-speed mode High-speed or low-speed mode Main clock stop bit
Timing (internal clock)
Q
S R
STP instruction WIT instruction
SQ R
QS R
STP instruction
Reset
Reset Interrupt disable flag l Interrupt request
Notes 1: Any one of high-speed, middle-speed or low-speed mode is selected by bits 7 and 6 of the CPU mode register. When low-speed mode is selected, set port Xc switch bit (b4) to "1". 2: f(XIN)/16 is supplied as the count source to the prescaler 12 at reset, the count source before executing the STP instruction is supplied as the count source at executing STP instruction. 3: When bit 0 of MISRG = "0", the prescaler 12 is set to "FF16" and timer 1 is set to "0116". When bit 0 of MISRG = "1", set the sufficient time for oscillation of used oscillator to stabilize since nothing is set to the prescaler 12 and timer 1. 4: Although a feed-back resistor exists on-chip, an external feed-back resistor may be needed depending on conditions.
Fig. 59 System clock generating circuit block diagram (Single-chip mode)
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Reset
Middle-speed mode (f() = 1 MHz) CM7 = 0 CM6 = 1 CM5 = 0 (8 MHz oscillating) CM4 = 0 (32 kHz stopped)
CM6 "1" "0"
High-speed mode (f() = 4 MHz) CM7 = 0 CM6 = 0 CM5 = 0 (8 MHz oscillating) CM4 = 0 (32 kHz stopped)
CM4 "1" "0"
" "0 4 M C " 0" "1 6 " CM " "1
CM "0 4 CM " "1 6 " " 1" "0 "
Middle-speed mode (f() = 1 MHz) CM7 = 0 CM6 = 1 CM5 = 0 (8 MHz oscillating) CM4 = 1 (32 kHz oscillating)
CM6 "1" "0"
High-speed mode (f() = 4 MHz) CM7 = 0 CM6 = 0 CM5 = 0 (8 MHz oscillating) CM4 = 1 (32 kHz oscillating)
Middle-speed mode automatic switch set bit "1"
Middle-speed mode automatic switch start bit "1"
Low-speed mode (f()=16 kHz) CM7 = 1 CM6 = 0 CM5 = 0 (8 MHz oscillating) CM4 = 1 (32 kHz oscillating)
CM7 "1" "0"
CM "0 7 " CM "1 6 "1 " " "0 "
CM4 "1" "0"
b7
b4 CPU mode register (CPUM : address 003B16)
CM5 "1" "0"
Low-speed mode (f()=16 kHz) CM7 = 1 CM6 = 0 CM5 = 1 (8 MHz stopped) CM4 = 1 (32 kHz oscillating)
CM4 : Port Xc switch bit 0 : I/O port function (stop oscillating) 1 : XCIN-XCOUT oscillating function CM5 : Main clock (XIN- XOUT) stop bit 0 : Operating 1 : Stopped CM7, CM6: Main clock division ratio selection bit b7 b6 0 0 : = f(XIN)/2 ( High-speed mode) 0 1 : = f(XIN)/8 (Middle-speed mode) 1 0 : = f(XCIN)/2 (Low-speed mode) 1 1 : Not available
Notes 1 : Switch the mode by the allows shown between the mode blocks. (Do not switch between the modes directly without an allow.) 2 : The all modes can be switched to the stop mode or the wait mode and return to the source mode when the stop mode or the wait mode is ended. 3 : Timer operates in the wait mode. 4 : After STP instruction is released, the count source which had set by bit 2 (timer 12 count source selection bit) of the timer count source set register at executing the STP instruction is supplied to timer 1. Accordingly, when bit 0 of MISRG is "0" and the timer 12 count source selection bit is "0" (f(XIN)/16 or f(XCIN)/16), a delay of approximately 1 ms occurs automatically in the high/middle-speed mode. A delay of approximately 256 ms occurs automatically in the low-speed mode (at f(XIN) = 8 MHz, f(XCIN) = 32 kHz). When the timer 12 count source selection bit is "1" (f(XCIN)), a delay of approximately 16 ms occurs regardless of the operation mode. 5 : Wait until oscillation stabilizes after oscillating the main clock XIN before the switching from the low-speed mode to middle/high-speed mode. 6 : When the mode is switched to the middle-speed mode by the middle-speed mode automatic switch set bit of MISRG, the waiting time set by the middle-speed mode automatic switch wait time set bit is automatically generated, and then the mode is switched to the middlespeed mode. 7 : The example assumes that 8 MHz is being applied to the XIN pin and 32 kHz to the XCIN pin. indicates the internal clock.
Fig. 60 State transitions of system clock
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Electrical characteristics Absolute maximum ratings
Table 7 Absolute maximum ratings Symbol Parameter VCC Power source voltage Input voltage P00-P07, P10-P17, P20, P21, VI P24-P27, P30-P34, P40-P44, VREF Input voltage P22, P23 VI Input voltage RESET, XIN VI Input voltage CNVSS VI Output voltage P00-P07, P10-P17, P20, P21, VO P24-P27, P30-P34, P40-P44, XOUT Output voltage P22, P23 VO Power dissipation Pd Operating temperature Topr Storage temperature Tstg Conditions All voltages are based on VSS. When an input voltage is measured, output transistors are cut off. Ratings -0.3 to 6.5 -0.3 to VCC +0.3 -0.3 to VCC +0.3 -0.3 to VCC +0.3 -0.3 to 8.0 -0.3 to VCC +0.3 Unit V V
V V V V
Ta = 25 C
-0.3 to 5.8 1000 (Note) -20 to 85 -40 to 125
V mW C C
Note : The rating becomes 300mW at the PRSP0042GA-B (42P2R-A/E) package.
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Recommended operating conditions
Table 8 Recommended operating conditions (1) (VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V, Ta = -20 to 85 C, unless otherwise noted) Symbol VCC Power source voltage Parameter At 8 MHz (High-speed mode) At 8 MHz (Middle-speed mode), 6 MHz (High-speed mode) 32 kHz (Low-speed mode) VSS VREF AVSS VIA VIH VIH VIL VIL VIL IOH(peak) IOH(peak) IOL(peak) IOL(peak) IOL(peak) IOH(avg) IOH(avg) IOL(avg) IOL(avg) IOL(avg) Power source voltage A/D convert reference voltage Analog power source voltage Analog input voltage "H" input voltage "H" input voltage "L" input voltage "L" input voltage "L" input voltage "H" total peak output current (Note) "H" total peak output current (Note) "L" total peak output current (Note) "L" total peak output current (Note) "L" total peak output current (Note) "H" total average output current (Note) "H" total average output current (Note) "L" total average output current (Note) "L" total average output current (Note) "L" total average output current (Note) AN0-AN8 P00-P07, P10-P17, P20-P27, P30-P34, P40-P44 RESET, XIN, CNVSS P00-P07, P10-P17, P20-P27, P30-P34, P40-P44 RESET, CNVSS XIN P00-P07, P10-P17, P30-P34 P20, P21, P24-P27, P40-P44 P00-P07, P30-P34 P10-P17 P20-P27, P40-P44 P00-P07, P10-P17, P30-P34 P20, P21, P24-P27, P40-P44 P00-P07, P30-P34 P10-P17 P20-P27, P40-P44 AVSS 0.8VCC 0.8VCC 0 0 0 2.0 0 VCC VCC VCC 0.2VCC 0.2VCC 0.16VCC -80 -80 80 120 80 -40 -40 40 60 40 Min. 4.0 2.7 Limits Typ. 5.0 5.0 0 VCC Max. 5.5 5.5 Unit V V V V V V V V V V V mA mA mA mA mA mA mA mA mA mA
Note : The total output current is the sum of all the currents flowing through all the applicable ports. The total average current is an average value measured over 100 ms. The total peak current is the peak value of all the currents.
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Table 9 Recommended operating conditions (2) (VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V, Ta = -20 to 85 C, unless otherwise noted) Symbol IOH(peak) IOL(peak) IOL(peak) IOH(avg) IOL(avg) IOL(avg) f(XIN) f(XIN) f(XCIN)
Note 1: 2: 3: 4:
Parameter "H" output voltage (Note 1) "L" output voltage (Note 1) "L" output voltage (Note 1) "H" average output current (Note 2) "L" average output current (Note 2) "L" average output current (Note 2) P00-P07, P10-P17, P20, P21, P24-P27, P30-P34, P40-P44 P00-P07, P20-P27, P30-P34, P40-P44 P10-P17 P00-P07, P10-P17, P20, P21, P24-P27, P30-P34, P40-P44 P00-P07, P20-P27, P30-P34, P40-P44 P10-P17
Limits Min. Typ. Max. -10 10 20 -5 5 15 12.5 5VCC-7.5 32.768 50
Unit mA mA mA mA mA mA MHz MHz kHz
Internal clock oscillation frequency (VCC = 4.0 to 5.5V) (Note 3) Internal clock oscillation frequency (VCC = 2.7 to 4.0V) (Note 3) Sub-clock input oscillation frequency (Note 3, 4)
The peak output current is the peak current flowing in each port. The average output current IOL (avg), IOH (avg) in an average value measured over 100 ms. When the oscillation frequency has a duty cycle of 50 %. When using the microcomputer in low-speed mode, set the sub-clock input oscillation frequency on condition that f(XCIN) < f(XIN)/3.
Electrical characteristics
Table 10 Electrical characteristics (1) (VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V, VSS = 0 V, Ta = -20 to 85 C, unless otherwise noted) Limits Symbol VOH Parameter "H" output voltage (Note) P00-P07, P10-P17, P20, P21 P24-P27, P30-P34, P40-P44 Test conditions IOH = -10mA VCC=4.0-5.5V IOH = -1.0mA VCC=2.7-5.5V IOL = 10mA VCC=4.0-5.5V IOL = 1.0mA VCC=2.7-5.5V IOL = 20mA VCC=4.0-5.5V IOL = 10mA VCC=2.7-5.5V
Note: P25 is measured when the P25/TXD P-channel output disable bit of the UART control register (bit 4 of address 001B16) is "0".
Min. VCC - 2.0 VCC - 1.0
Typ.
Max.
Unit V V
VOL
"L" output voltage P00-P07, P20-P27, P30-P34 P40-P44
2.0 1.0 2.0 1.0
V V V V
VOL
"L" output voltage P10-P17
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Table 11 Electrical characteristics (2) (VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V, VSS = 0 V, Ta = -20 to 85 C, unless otherwise noted) Limits Symbol VT+ - VT- VT+ - VT- VT+ - VT- IIH Parameter Hysteresis CNTR0, CNTR1, INT0-INT3 Hysteresis RxD, SCLK1, SCLK2, SIN2 Hysteresis ____________ RESET "H" input current P00-P07, P10-P17, P20, P21, P24-P27, P30-P34, P40-P44 "H" input current ____________ RESET, CNVSS "H" input current XIN "L" input current P00-P07, P10-P17, P20-P27 P30-P34, P40-P44 "L"____________ input current RESET,CNVSS "L" input current XIN "L" input current (at Pull-up) P00-P07, P10-P17, P20-P27, P30-P34, P40-P44 VI=VCC Pin floating, Pull-up Transistor "off" VI=VCC VI=VCC VI=VSS Pin floating, Pull-up Transistor "off" VI=VSS VI=VSS VI=VSS VCC=5.0V VI=VSS VCC=3.0V When clock stopped -25 -8 2.0 -4 -65 -22 -120 -40 5.5 4 -5.0 Test conditions Min. Typ. 0.4 0.5 0.5 5.0 Max. Unit V V V A
IIH IIH IIL
5.0
A A A
IIL IIL IIL
-5.0
A A A A V
VRAM
RAM hold voltage
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Table 12 Electrical characteristics (3) (VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V, VSS = 0 V, Ta = -20 to 85 C, unless otherwise noted) Limits Symbol ICC Parameter Power source current Test conditions High-speed mode f(XIN) = 8 MHz f(XCIN) = 32.768 kHz Output transistors "off" High-speed mode f(XIN) = 8 MHz (in WIT state) f(XCIN) = 32.768 kHz Output transistors "off" Middle-speed mode f(XIN) = 8 MHz f(XCIN) = stopped Output transistors "off" Middle-speed mode f(XIN) = 8 MHz (in WIT state) f(XCIN) = stopped Output transistors "off" Low-speed mode f(XIN) = stopped f(XCIN) = 32.768 kHz Output transistors "off" Low-speed mode f(XIN) = stopped f(XCIN) = 32.768 kHz (in WIT state) Output transistors "off" Low-speed mode (VCC=3V) f(XIN) = stopped f(XCIN) = 32.768 kHz Output transistors "off" Low-speed mode (VCC=3V) f(XIN) = stopped f(XCIN) = 32.768 kHz (in WIT state) Output transistors "off" Increment when A/D conversion is executed f(XIN) = 8 MHz All oscillation stopped (in STP state) Ta=25 C Ta=85 C Min. Typ. 4.0 Max. 8.0 Unit mA
1.35
4.2
mA
2.0
4.5
mA
1.3
4.0
mA
40
150
A
30
100
A
10
40
A
5.5
11
A
600 0.1 1.0 10
A A A
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A/D converter characteristics
Table 13 A/D converter characteristics (VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0 V, Ta = -20 to 85 C, unless otherwise noted) Limits Symbol - ABS tCONV RLADDER IVREF Resolution Absolute accuracy Conversion time Ladder resistor Reference power source input current VREF=5.0V VREF=5.0V II(AD) A/D port input current 50 30 37 135 80 200 120 5.0 A Ta=25C, VCC=VREF Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. 8 3 109 Unit bit LSB tc(XIN) k A
Note : As for AD translation accuracy, on the following operating conditions, accuracy may become low. (1) Since the analog circuit inside a microcomputer becomes sensitive to noise when VREF voltage is set up lower than Vcc voltage, accuracy may become low rather than the case where VREF voltage and Vcc voltage are set up to the same value.. (2) When VREF voltage is less than [ 3.0V ], the accuracy at the time of low temperature may become extremely low compared with the time of room temperature. The use beyond VREF=3.0V is recommended in the system the use by the side of low temperature is assumed to be.
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Timing requirements
Table 14 Timing requirements (1) (VCC = 4.0 to 5.5 V, VSS = 0 V, Ta = -20 to 85 C, unless otherwise noted) Symbol tW(RESET) tC(XIN) tWH(XIN) tWL(XIN) tC(CNTR) tWH(CNTR) tWL(CNTR) tWH(INT) tWL(INT) tC(SCLK1) tWH(SCLK1) tWL(SCLK1) tsu(RxD-SCLK1) th(SCLK1-RxD) tC(SCLK2) tWH(SCLK2) tWL(SCLK2) tsu(SIN2-SCLK2) th(SCLK2-SIN2) Parameter Reset input "L" pulse width External clock input cycle time External clock input "H" pulse width External clock input "L" pulse width CNTR0, CNTR1 input cycle time CNTR0, CNTR1 input "H" pulse width CNTR0, CNTR1 input "L" pulse width INT0 to INT3 input "H" pulse width INT0 to INT3 input "L" pulse width Serial I/O1 clock input cycle time (Note) Serial I/O1 clock input "H" pulse width (Note) Serial I/O1 clock input "L" pulse width (Note) Serial I/O1 input setup time Serial I/O1 input hold time Serial I/O2 clock input cycle time Serial I/O2 clock input "H" pulse width Serial I/O2 clock input "L" pulse width Serial I/O2 clock input setup time Serial I/O2 clock input hold time Limits Min. 20 80 32 32 200 80 80 80 80 800 370 370 220 100 1000 400 400 200 200 Typ. Max. Unit XIN cycle ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns
Note : When f(XIN) = 8 MHz and bit 6 of address 001A16 is "1" (clock synchronous). Divide this value by four when f(XIN) = 8 MHz and bit 6 of address 001A16 is "0" (UART).
Table 15 Timing requirements (2) (VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V, VSS = 0 V, Ta = -20 to 85 C, unless otherwise noted) Symbol tW(RESET) tC(XIN) tWH(XIN) tWL(XIN) tC(CNTR) tWH(CNTR) tWL(CNTR) tWH(INT) tWL(INT) tC(SCLK1) tWH(SCLK1) tWL(SCLK1) tsu(RxD-SCLK1) th(SCLK1-RxD) tC(SCLK2) tWH(SCLK2) tWL(SCLK2) tsu(SIN2-SCLK2) th(SCLK2-SIN2) Parameter Reset input "L" pulse width External clock input cycle time External clock input "H" pulse width External clock input "L" pulse width CNTR0, CNTR1 input cycle time CNTR0, CNTR1 input "H" pulse width CNTR0, CNTR1 input "L" pulse width INT0 to INT3 input "H" pulse width INT0 to INT3 input "L" pulse width Serial I/O1 clock input cycle time (Note) Serial I/O1 clock input "H" pulse width (Note) Serial I/O1 clock input "L" pulse width (Note) Serial I/O1 input setup time Serial I/O1 input hold time Serial I/O2 clock input cycle time Serial I/O2 clock input "H" pulse width Serial I/O2 clock input "L" pulse width Serial I/O2 clock input setup time Serial I/O2 clock input hold time Limits Min. 20 166 66 66 500 230 230 230 230 2000 950 950 400 200 2000 950 950 400 300 Typ. Max. Unit XIN cycle ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns
Note : When f(XIN) = 4 MHz and bit 6 of address 001A16 is "1" (clock synchronous). Divide this value by four when f(XIN) = 4 MHz and bit 6 of address 001A16 is "0" (UART).
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Switching characteristics
Table 16 Switching characteristics (1) (VCC = 4.0 to 5.5 V, VSS = 0 V, Ta = -20 to 85 C, unless otherwise noted) Symbol tWH (SCLK1) tWL (SCLK1) td (SCLK1-TXD) tv (SCLK1-TXD) tr (SCLK1) tf (SCLK1) tWH (SCLK2) tWL (SCLK2) td (SCLK2-SOUT2) tv (SCLK2-SOUT2) tf (SCLK2) tr (CMOS) tf (CMOS) Parameter Serial I/O1 clock output "H" pulse width Serial I/O1 clock output "L" pulse width Serial I/O1 output delay time (Note 1) Serial I/O1 output valid time (Note 1) Serial I/O1 clock output rising time Serial I/O1 clock output falling time Serial I/O2 clock output "H" pulse width Serial I/O2 clock output "L" pulse width Serial I/O2 output delay time (Note 2) Serial I/O2 output valid time (Note 2) Serial I/O2 clock output falling time CMOS output rising time (Note 3) CMOS output falling time (Note 3) Test conditions Limits Min. Typ. tC(SCLK1)/2-30 tC(SCLK1)/2-30 -30 30 30 tC(SCLK2)/2-160 tC(SCLK2)/2-160 200 0 10 10 30 30 30 Max. Unit ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns
Fig. 61
140
Notes 1: When the P25/TXD P-channel output disable bit of the UART control register (bit 4 of address 001B16) is "0". 2: When the P01/SOUT2 and P02/SCLK2 P-channel output disable bit of the Serial I/O2 control register 1 (bit 7 of address 001516) is "0". 3: The XOUT pin is excluded.
Table 17 Switching characteristics (2) (VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V, VSS = 0 V, Ta = -20 to 85 C, unless otherwise noted) Symbol tWH (SCLK1) tWL (SCLK1) td (SCLK1-TXD) tv (SCLK1-TXD) tr (SCLK1) tf (SCLK1) tWH (SCLK2) tWL (SCLK2) td (SCLK2-SOUT2) tv (SCLK2-SOUT2) tf (SCLK2) tr (CMOS) tf (CMOS) Parameter Serial I/O1 clock output "H" pulse width Serial I/O1 clock output "L" pulse width Serial I/O1 output delay time (Note 1) Serial I/O1 output valid time (Note 1) Serial I/O1 clock output rising time Serial I/O1 clock output falling time Serial I/O2 clock output "H" pulse width Serial I/O2 clock output "L" pulse width Serial I/O2 output delay time (Note 2) Serial I/O2 output valid time (Note 2) Serial I/O2 clock output falling time CMOS output rising time (Note 3) CMOS output falling time (Note 3) Test conditions Limits Min. Typ. tC(SCLK1)/2-50 tC(SCLK1)/2-50 -30 50 50 tC(SCLK2)/2-240 tC(SCLK2)/2-240 400 0 20 20 50 50 50 Max. Unit ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns
Fig. 61
350
Notes 1: When the P25/TXD P-channel output disable bit of the UART control register (bit 4 of address 001B16) is "0". 2: When the P01/SOUT2 and P02/SCLK2 P-channel output disable bit of the Serial I/O2 control register 1 (bit 7 of address 001516) is "0". 3: The XOUT pin is excluded.
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Measurement output pin 100 pF
CMOS output
Fig. 61 Circuit for measuring output switching characteristics
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tC(CNTR)
CNTR0 CNTR1
tWH(CNTR) 0.8VCC 0.2VCC
tWL(CNTR)
tWH(INT)
tWL(INT) 0.2VCC
INT0 to INT3
0.8VCC
tW(RESET)
RESET
0.2VCC
0.8VCC
tC(XIN) tWH(XIN) tWL(XIN) 0.2VCC
XIN
0.8VCC
SCLK1 SCLK2
tf
tC(SCLK1), tC(SCLK2) tWL(SCLK1), tWL(SCLK2) tWH(SCLK1), tWH(SCLK2) tr 0.2VCC tsu(RxD-SCLK1), tsu(SIN2-SCLK2) 0.8VCC th(SCLK1-RxD), th(SCLK2-SIN2)
RXD SIN2
td(SCLK1-TXD), td(SCLK2-SOUT2)
0.8VCC 0.2VCC tv(SCLK1-TXD), tv(SCLK2-SOUT2)
TXD SOUT2
Fig. 62 Timing diagram
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PACKAGE OUTLINE
JEITA Package Code P-SDIP42-13x36.72-1.78 RENESAS Code PRDP0042BA-A Previous Code 42P4B MASS[Typ.] 4.1g
42
22
*1
e1
E
*2
D
A
A2
c
1
21
NOTE) 1. DIMENSIONS "*1" AND "*2" DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH. 2. DIMENSION "*3" DOES NOT INCLUDE TRIM OFFSET.
Reference Symbol
Dimension in Millimeters Min 14.94 36.5 12.85 Nom 15.24 36.7 13.0 Max 15.54 36.9 13.15 5.5 0.51 3.8 0.35 0.63 0.9 0.22 0 0.45 0.73 1.0 0.27 0.55 1.03 1.3 0.34 15 1.778 2.028
A1
e1 D E
L
SEATING PLANE e
*3
b3
bp
*3
A b2 A1 A2 bp b2 b3 c
e L
1.528 3.0
JEITA Package Code P-SSOP42-8.4x17.5-0.80
RENESAS Code PRSP0042GA-B
Previous Code 42P2R-E
MASS[Typ.] 0.6g
42
22
HE
*1
E
F
NOTE) 1. DIMENSIONS "*1" AND "*2" DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH. 2. DIMENSION "*3" DOES NOT INCLUDE TRIM OFFSET.
1 Index mark 21
c
A2
A1
*2
D
Reference Symbol
Dimension in Millimeters
e
y
*3 b p Detail F
D E A2 A A1 bp c HE e y L
Min Nom Max 17.3 17.5 17.7 8.2 8.4 8.6 2.0 2.4 0.05 0.25 0.3 0.4 0.13 0.15 0.2 0 10 11.63 11.93 12.23 0.65 0.8 0.95 0.15 0.3 0.5 0.7
A
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L
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NOTES NOTES ON PROGRAMMING 1. Processor Status Register
(1) Initializing of processor status register Flags which affect program execution must be initialized after a reset. In particular, it is essential to initialize the T and D flags because they have an important effect on calculations. After a reset, the contents of the processor status register (PS) are undefined except for the I flag which is "1".
The carry flag (C) is set to "1" if a carry is generated as a result of the calculation, or is cleared to "0" if a borrow is generated. To determine whether a calculation has generated a carry, the C flag must be initialized to "0" before each calculation. To check for a borrow, the C flag must be initialized to "1" before each calculation. Set D flag to "1" ADC or SBC instruction NOP instruction SEC, CLC, or CLD instruction Fig 65. Execution of decimal calculations
Reset Initializing of flags Main program
4. JMP instruction
Fig 63. Initialization of processor status register When using the JMP instruction in indirect addressing mode, do not specify the last address on a page as an indirect address. (2) How to reference the processor status register To reference the contents of the processor status register (PS), execute the PHP instruction once then read the contents of (S+1). If necessary, execute the PLP instruction to return the PS to its original status.
5. Multiplication and Division Instructions
* The index X mode (T) and the decimal mode (D) flags do not affect the MUL and DIV instruction. * The execution of these instructions does not change the contents of the processor status register.
(S) (S)+1 Stored PS
6. Ports
The contents of the port direction registers cannot be read. The following cannot be used: * The data transfer instruction (LDA, etc.) * The operation instruction when the index X mode flag (T) is "1" * The addressing mode which uses the value of a direction register as an index * The bit-test instruction (BBC or BBS, etc.) to a direction register * The read-modify-write instructions (ROR, CLB, or SEB, etc.) to a direction register. Use instructions such as LDM and STA, etc., to set the port direction registers.
Fig 64.
Stack memory contents after PHP instruction execution
2. BRK instruction
(1) Interrupt priority level When the BRK instruction is executed with the following conditions satisfied, the interrupt execution is started from the address of interrupt vector which has the highest priority. * Interrupt request bit and interrupt enable bit are set to "1". * Interrupt disable flag (I) is set to "1" to disable interrupt.
7. Instruction Execution Time
The instruction execution time can be obtained by multiplying the frequency of the internal clock by the number of cycles mentioned in the 740 Family Software Manual. The frequency of the internal clock is the twice the XIN cycle in high-speed mode, 8 times the XIN cycle in middle-speed mode, and the twice the XCIN in low-speed mode.
3. Decimal calculations
(1) Execution of decimal calculations The ADC and SBC are the only instructions which will yield proper decimal notation, set the decimal mode flag (D) to "1" with the SED instruction. After executing the ADC or SBC instruction, execute another instruction before executing the SEC, CLC, or CLD instruction. (2) Notes on status flag in decimal mode When decimal mode is selected, the values of three of the flags in the status register (the N, V, and Z flags) are invalid after a ADC or SBC instruction is executed.
8. Reserved Area, Reserved Bit
Do not write any data to the reserved area in the SFR area and the special page. (Do not change the contents after reset.)
9. CPU Mode Register
Be sure to fix bit 3 of the CPU mode register (address 003B16) to "1".
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NOTES ON PERIPHERAL FUNCTIONS Notes on Input and Output Ports 1. Notes in standby state
In standby , do not make input levels of an I/O port "undefined", especially for I/O ports of the N-channel open-drain. When setting the N-channel open-drain port as an output, do not make input levels of an I/O port "undefined", too. Pull-up (connect the port to VCC) or pull-down (connect the port to VSS) these ports through a resistor. When determining a resistance value, note the following points: * External circuit * Variation of output levels during the ordinary operation When setting as an input port with its direction register, the transistor becomes the OFF state, which causes the ports to be the high-impedance state. Accordingly, the potential which is input to the input buffer in a microcomputer is unstable in the state that input levels of an I/O port are "undefined". This may cause power source current. In I/O ports of N-channel open-drain, when the contents of the port latch are "1", even if it is set as an output port with its direction register, it becomes the same phenomenon as the case of an input port.
*1
Termination of Unused Pins 1. Terminate unused pins
(1) I/O ports : * Set the I/O ports for the input mode and connect them to VCC or VSS through each resistor of 1 k to 10 k. In the port which can select a internal pull-up resistor, the internal pull-up resistor can be used. Set the I/O ports for the output mode and open them at "L" or "H". * When opening them in the output mode, the input mode of the initial status remains until the mode of the ports is switched over to the output mode by the program after reset. Thus, the potential at these pins is undefined and the power source current may increase in the input mode. With regard to an effects on the system, thoroughly perform system evaluation on the user side. * Since the direction register setup may be changed because of a program runaway or noise, set direction registers by program periodically to increase the reliability of program. (2) The AVSS pin when not using the A/D converter : * When not using the A/D converter, handle a power source pin for the A/D converter, AVSS pin as follows: AVSS: Connect to the VSS pin.
state*1
Standby state : stop mode by executing STP instruction wait mode by executing WIT instruction
2. Termination remarks
(1) Input ports and I/O ports : Do not open in the input mode. * The power source current may increase depending on the firststage circuit. * An effect due to noise may be easily produced as compared with proper termination (1) in 1 shown on the above. (2) I/O ports : When setting for the input mode, do not connect to VCC or VSS directly. If the direction register setup changes for the output mode because of a program runaway or noise, a short circuit may occur between a port and VCC (or VSS). (3) I/O ports : When setting for the input mode, do not connect multiple ports in a lump to VCC or VSS through a resistor. If the direction register setup changes for the output mode because of a program runaway or noise, a short circuit may occur between ports. * At the termination of unused pins, perform wiring at the shortest possible distance (20 mm or less) from microcomputer pins.
2. Modifying output data with bit managing instruction
When the port latch of an I/O port is modified with the bit managing instruction*2 , the value of the unspecified bit may be changed. The bit managing instructions are read-modify-write form instructions for reading and writing data by a byte unit. Accordingly, when these instructions are executed on a bit of the port latch of an I/O port, the following is executed to all bits of the port latch. * As for bit which is set for input port: The pin state is read in the CPU, and is written to this bit after bit managing. * As for bit which is set for output port: The bit value is read in the CPU, and is written to this bit after bit managing. Note the following: * Even when a port which is set as an output port is changed for an input port, its port latch holds the output data. * As for a bit of which is set for an input port, its value may be changed even when not specified with a bit managing instruction in case where the pin state differs from its port latch contents.
*2
Bit managing instructions : SEB and CLB instructions
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Notes on Interrupts 1. Change of relevant register settings
When the setting of the following registers or bits is changed, the interrupt request bit may be set to "1". When not requiring the interrupt occurrence synchronized with these setting, take the following sequence. * Interrupt edge selection register (address 3A16) * Timer XY mode register (address 2316) Set the above listed registers or bits as the following sequence. Set the corresponding interrupt enable bit to "0" (disabled). Set the interrupt edge select bit (active edge switch bit) or the interrupt (source) select bit to "1". NOP (one or more instructions) Set the corresponding interrupt request bit to "0" (no interrupt request issued). Set the corresponding interrupt enable bit to "1" (enabled). Fig 66. Sequence of changing relevant register
Notes on Timer
* If a value n (between 0 and 255) is written to a timer latch, the frequency division ratio is 1/(n+1). * When switching the count source by the timer 12, X and Y count source selection bits, the value of timer count is altered in unconsiderable amount owing to generating of thin pulses in the count input signals. Therefore, select the timer count source before set the value to the prescaler and the timer.
Notes on Serial Interface 1. Notes when selecting clock synchronous serial I/O (Serial I/O1)
(1) Stop of transmission operation Clear the serial I/O1 enable bit and the transmit enable bit to "0" (Serial I/O1 and transmit disabled). Since transmission is not stopped and the transmission circuit is not initialized even if only the serial I/O1 enable bit is cleared to "0" (Serial I/O1 disabled), the internal transmission is running (in this case, since pins TxD, RxD, SCLK1, and SRDY1 function as I/O ports, the transmission data is not output). When data is written to the transmit buffer register in this state, data starts to be shifted to the transmit shift register. When the serial I/O1 enable bit is set to "1" at this time, the data during internally shifting is output to the TxD pin and an operation failure occurs. (2) Stop of receive operation Clear the receive enable bit to "0" (receive disabled), or clear the serial I/O1 enable bit to "0" (Serial I/O1 disabled). (3) Stop of transmit/receive operation Clear the transmit enable bit and receive enable bit to "0" simultaneously (transmit and receive disabled). (when data is transmitted and received in the clock synchronous serial I/O mode, any one of data transmission and reception cannot be stopped.) In the clock synchronous serial I/O mode, the same clock is used for transmission and reception. If any one of transmission and reception is disabled, a bit error occurs because transmission and reception cannot be synchronized. In this mode, the clock circuit of the transmission circuit also operates for data reception. Accordingly, the transmission circuit does not stop by clearing only the transmit enable bit to "0" (transmit disabled). Also, the transmission circuit is not initialized by clearing the serial I/O1 enable bit to "0" (Serial I/O1 disabled) (refer to (1) in 1). (4) SRDY1 output of reception side (Serial I/O1) When signals are output from the SRDY1 pin on the reception side by using an external clock in the clock synchronous serial I/O mode, set all of the receive enable bit, the SRDY1 output enable bit, and the transmit enable bit to "1" (transmit enabled).
When setting the followings, the interrupt request bit may be set to "1". * When setting external interrupt active edge Concerned register: Interrupt edge selection register (address 3A16) Timer XY mode register (address 2316) * When switching interrupt sources of an interrupt vector address where two or more interrupt sources are allocated. Concerned register: Interrupt edge selection register (address 3A16)
2. Check of interrupt request bit
When executing the BBC or BBS instruction to an interrupt request bit of an interrupt request register immediately after this bit is set to "0" by using a data transfer instruction, execute one or more instructions before executing the BBC or BBS instruction. Clear the interrupt request bit to "0" (no interrupt issued) NOP (one or more instructions) Execute the BBC or BBS instruction *Data transfer instruction: LDM, LDA, STA, STX, and STY instructions Fig 67. Sequence of check of interrupt request bit
If the BBC or BBS instruction is executed immediately after an interrupt request bit of an interrupt request register is cleared to "0", the value of the interrupt request bit before being cleared to "0" is read.
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2. Notes when selecting clock asynchronous serial I/O (Serial I/O1)
(1) Stop of transmission operation Clear the transmit enable bit to "0" (transmit disabled). Since transmission is not stopped and the transmission circuit is not initialized even if only the serial I/O1 enable bit is cleared to "0" (Serial I/O1 disabled), the internal transmission is running (in this case, since pins TxD, RxD, SCLK1, and SRDY1 function as I/O ports, the transmission data is not output). When data is written to the transmit buffer register in this state, data starts to be shifted to the transmit shift register. When the serial I/O1 enable bit is set to "1" at this time, the data during internally shifting is output to the TxD pin and an operation failure occurs. (2) Stop of receive operation Clear the receive enable bit to "0" (receive disabled). (3) Stop of transmit/receive operation Only transmission operation is stopped. Clear the transmit enable bit to "0" (transmit disabled). Since transmission is not stopped and the transmission circuit is not initialized even if only the serial I/O1 enable bit is cleared to "0" (Serial I/O1 disabled), the internal transmission is running (in this case, since pins TxD, RxD, SCLK1, and SRDY1 function as I/O ports, the transmission data is not output). When data is written to the transmit buffer register in this state, data starts to be shifted to the transmit shift register. When the serial I/O1 enable bit is set to "1" at this time, the data during internally shifting is output to the TxD pin and an operation failure occurs. Only receive operation is stopped. Clear the receive enable bit to "0" (receive disabled).
4. Data transmission control with referring to transmit shift register completion flag (Serial I/O1)
The transmit shift register completion flag changes from "1" to "0" with a delay of 0.5 to 1.5 shift clocks. When data transmission is controlled with referring to the flag after writing the data to the transmit buffer register, note the delay.
5. Transmit interrupt request when transmit enable bit is set (SerialI/O1)
When the transmit interrupt is used, set the transmit interrupt enable bit to transmit enabled as shown in the following sequence. (1) Set the interrupt enable bit to "0" (disabled) with CLB instruction. (2) Prepare serial I/O for transmission/reception. (3) Set the interrupt request bit to "0" with CLB instruction after 1 or more instruction has been executed. (4) Set the interrupt enable bit to "1" (enabled). When the transmission enable bit is set to "1", the transmit buffer empty flag and transmit shift register completion flag are set to "1". The interrupt request is generated and the transmission interrupt request bit is set regardless of which of the two timings listed below is selected as the timing for the transmission interrupt to be generated. * Transmit buffer empty flag is set to "1" * Transmit shift register completion flag is set to "1"
6. Transmission control when external clock is selected (Serial I/O1 clock synchronous mode)
When an external clock is used as the synchronous clock for data transmission, set the transmit enable bit to "1" at "H" of the SCLK1 input level. Also, write the transmit data to the transmit buffer register (serial I/O shift register) at "H" of the SCLK1 input level.
3. Setting serial I/O1 control register again (Serial I/O1)
Set the serial I/O1 control register again after the transmission and the reception circuits are reset by clearing both the transmit enable bit and the receive enable bit to "0".
Clear both the transmit enable bit (TE) and the receive enable bit (RE) to "0" Set the bits 0 to 3 and bit 6 of the serial I/O1 control register Set both the transmit enable bit (TE) and the receive enable bit (RE), or one of them to "1"
Can be set with the LDM instruction at the same time
7. Transmit data writing (Serial I/O2)
In the clock synchronous serial I/O, when selecting an external clock as synchronous clock, write the transmit data to the serial I/ O2 register (serial I/O shift register) at "H" of the transfer clock input level.
Notes on PWM
The PWM starts after the PWM enable bit is set to enable and "L" level is output from the PWM pin. The length of this "L" level output is as follows: n+1 2 * f(XIN) n+1 f(XIN)
Fig 68.
Sequence of setting serial I/O1 control register again
(s)
(Count source selection bit = "0", where n is the value set in the prescaler) (Count source selection bit = "1", where n is the value set in the prescaler)
(s)
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Notes on A/D Converter 1. Analog input pin
Make the signal source impedance for analog input low, or equip an analog input pin with an external capacitor of 0.01 F to 1 F. Further, be sure to verify the operation of application products on the user side. An analog input pin includes the capacitor for analog voltage comparison. Accordingly, when signals from signal source with high impedance are input to an analog input pin, charge and discharge noise generates. This may cause the A/D conversion precision to be worse.
Notes on Using Stop Mode 1. Register setting
Since values of the prescaler 12 and Timer 1 are automatically reloaded when returning from the stop mode, set them again, respectively. (When the oscillation stabilizing time set after STP instruction released bit is "0") When using the oscillation stabilizing time set after STP instruction released bit set to "1", evaluate time to stabilize oscillation of the used oscillator and set the value to the timer 1 and prescaler 12.
2. Clock restoration
After restoration from the stop mode to the normal mode by an interrupt request, the contents of the CPU mode register previous to the STP instruction execution are retained. Accordingly, if both main clock and sub clock were oscillating before execution of the STP instruction, the oscillation of both clocks is resumed at restoration. In the above case, when the main clock side is set as a system clock, the oscillation stabilizing time for approximately 8,000 cycles of the XIN input is reserved at restoration from the stop mode. At this time, note that the oscillation on the sub clock side may not be stabilized even after the lapse of the oscillation stabilizing time of the main clock side.
2. A/D converter power source pin
The AVSS pin is A/D converter power source pin. Regardless of using the A/D conversion function or not, connect it as following : *AVSS : Connect to the VSS line If the AVSS pin is opened, the microcomputer may have a failure because of noise or others.
3. Clock frequency during A/D conversion
The comparator consists of a capacity coupling, and a charge of the capacity will be lost if the clock frequency is too low. Thus, make sure the following during an A/D conversion. * f(XIN) is 500 kHz or more in middle-/high-speed mode. * Do not execute the STP instruction. * When the A/D converter is operated at low-speed mode, f(XIN) do not have the lower limit of frequency, because of the A/D converter has a built-in self-oscillation circuit.
Notes on Wait Mode
* Clock restoration If the wait mode is released by a reset when XCIN is set as the system clock and XIN oscillation is stopped during execution of the WIT instruction, XCIN oscillation stops, XIN oscillations starts, and XIN is set as the system clock. In the above case, the RESET pin should be held at "L" until the oscillation is stabilized.
Notes on Watchdog Timer
* Make sure that the watchdog timer does not underflow while waiting Stop release, because the watchdog timer keeps counting during that term. * When the STP instruction disable bit has been set to "1", it is impossible to switch it to "0" by a program.
____________
Notes on Restarting Oscillation
* Restarting oscillation Usually, when the MCU stops the clock oscillation by STP instruction and the STP instruction has been released by an external interrupt source, the fixed values of Timer 1 and Prescaler 12 (Timer 1 = "0116", Prescaler 12 = "FF16") are automatically reloaded in order for the oscillation to stabilize. The user can inhibit the automatic setting by writing "1" to bit 0 of MISRG (address 003816). However, by setting this bit to "1", the previous values, set just before the STP instruction was executed, will remain in Timer 1 and Prescaler 12. Therefore, you will need to set an appropriate value to each register, in accordance with the oscillation stabilizing time, before executing the STP instruction. Oscillation will restart when an external interrupt is received. However, internal clock is supplied to the CPU only when Timer 1 starts to underflow. This ensures time for the clock oscillation using the ceramic resonators to be stabilized.
Notes on RESET Pin 1. Connecting capacitor
____________
In case where the RESET signal rise time is long, connect a ce____________ ramic capacitor or others across the RESET pin and the VSS pin. Use a 1000 pF or more capacitor for high frequency use. When connecting the capacitor, note the following : * Make the length of the wiring which is connected to a capacitor as short as possible. * Be sure to verify the operation of application products on the user side. If the several nanosecond or several ten nanosecond impulse ____________ noise enters the RESET pin, it may cause a microcomputer failure.
2. Reset release after power on
When releasing the reset after power on, such as power-on reset, release reset after XIN passes more than 20 cycles in the state where the power supply voltage is 2.7 V or more and the XIN oscillation is stable. ____________ To release reset, the RESET pin must be held at an "L" level for 20 cycles or more of XIN in the state where the power source voltage is between 2.7 V and 5.5 V, and XIN oscillation is stable.
Rev.1.10 Apr 3, 2006 REJ03B0139-0110
page 74 of 75
3858 Group
Handling of Source Pins
In order to avoid a latch-up occurrence, connect a capacitor suitable for high frequencies as bypass capacitor between power source pin (VCC pin) and GND pin (VSS pin) and between power source pin (VCC pin) and analog power source input pin (AVSS pin). Besides, connect the capacitor to as close as possible. For bypass capacitor which should not be located too far from the pins to be connected, a ceramic capacitor of 0.01 F-0.1 F is recommended.
The shortest CNVSS/(VPP)
(Note)
Approx. 5k
(Note)
VSS
The shortest
Power Source Voltage
When the power source voltage value of a microcomputer is less than the value which is indicated as the recommended operating conditions, the microcomputer does not operate normally and may perform unstable operation. In a system where the power source voltage drops slowly when the power source voltage drops or the power supply is turned off, reset a microcomputer when the power source voltage is less than the recommended operating conditions and design a system not to cause errors to the system by this unstable operation. Note. Shows the microcomputer's pin. Fig 68. Wiring for the CNVSS/VPP
Notes On QzROM Writing Orders
When ordering the QzROM product shipped after writing, submit the mask file (extension: .mask) which is made by the mask file converter MM. Be sure to set the ROM option ("MASK option" written in the mask file converter) setup when making the mask file by using the mask file converter MM.
Product Shipped in Blank
As for the product shipped in blank, Renesas does not perform the writing test to user ROM area after the assembly process though the QzROM writing test is performed enough before the assembly process. Therefore, a writing error of approx.0.1 % may occur. Moreover, please note the contact of cables and foreign bodies on a socket, etc. because a writing environment may cause some writing errors.
Notes On ROM Code Protect (QzROM product shipped after writing)
As for the QzROM product shipped after writing, the ROM code protect is specified according to the ROM option setup data in the mask file which is submitted at ordering. Renesas Technology corp. uses the ROM option setup data at the ROM code protect address (address FFDB16) when writing to the QzROM. Consequently, the actual written value might differ from the ordered value as the contents of the ROM code protect address. The ROM option setup data in the mask file is "0016" for protect enabled or "FF16" for protect disabled. Therefore, the contents of the ROM code protect address of the QzROM product shipped after writing is "0016" or "FF16". Note that the mask file which has nothing at the ROM option data or has the data other than "0016" and "FF16" can not be accepted.
QzROM Version
Connect the CNVSS/VPP pin the shortest possible to the GND pattern which is supplied to the VSS pin of the microcomputer. In addition connecting an approximately 5 k resistor in series to the GND could improve noise immunity. In this case as well as the above mention, connect the pin the shortest possible to the GND pattern which is supplied to the VSS pin of the microcomputer. The CNVSS/VPP pin is the power source input pin for the built-in QzROM. When programming in the QzROM, the impedance of the VPP pin is low to allow the electric current for writing to flow into the built-in QzROM. Because of this, noise can enter easily. If noise enters the VPP pin, abnormal instruction codes or data are read from the QzROM, which may cause a program runaway.
DATA REQUIRED FOR QzROM WRITING ORDERS
The following are necessary when ordering a QzROM product shipped after writing: 1. QzROM Writing Confirmation Form* 2. Mark Specification Form* 3. ROM data...........Mask file * For the QzROM writing confirmation form and the mark specification form, refer to the "Renesas Technology Corp." Homepage (http://www.renesas.com/homepage.jsp). Note that we cannot deal with special font marking (customer's trademark etc.) in QzROM microcomputer.
Rev.1.10 Apr 3, 2006 REJ03B0139-0110
page 75 of 75
REVISION HISTORY
Rev. Date Page 1.00 Jan.28, 2005 1.01 May.11, 2005 - 5 10 First edition issued
3858 Group Data Sheet
Description Summary
1.10
Apr.3, 2006
Table 2 added ROM code protect address, Notes added Fig. 8 partly revised 60 QzROM Version, Notes On QzROM Writing Orders, Notes On ROM Code Protect, DATA REQUIRED FOR QzROM WRITING ORDERS added 61 Table 7 partly revised 65 Table 12 partly revised - "Under development" deleted - Package name is revised "42P2R-A/E" "PRSP0042GA-B" 3 Table 1; CNVSS Functions: "and is shared with ..... the built-in QzROM" added P3, P4 Functions: "*8-bit I/O port" "*5-bit I/O port" 10 ROM Code Protect Address; "the Mask option set up when ordering." "ROM option setup ..... when ordering." revised 12 Table 5 "A/D converter input" "A/D conversion input" 15 Fig. 12 revised 17 Fig. 14; b7 to b5 of registers PULL3 and PULL4 revised 53 WATCHDOG TIMER revised 56 CLOCK GENERATING CIRCUIT revised 57 Fig. 59 revised 59 Table 7; Input voltage P22, P23 Ratings: "5.8" "VCC +0.3" Input voltage CNVSS Ratings: "VCC +0.3" "8.0" 61 Table 9; f(XCIN), Note 4 added 64 Table 13 "VCC = 4.0 to 5.5 V" "VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V" 69 PACKAGE OUTLINE revised 70 to 75 NOTES added (The last NOTES ON PROGRAMMING and NOTES ON USAGE deleted)
(1/1)
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1. Renesas Technology Corp. puts the maximum effort into making semiconductor products better and more reliable, but there is always the possibility that trouble may occur with them. Trouble with semiconductors may lead to personal injury, fire or property damage. Remember to give due consideration to safety when making your circuit designs, with appropriate measures such as (i) placement of substitutive, auxiliary circuits, (ii) use of nonflammable material or (iii) prevention against any malfunction or mishap. Notes regarding these materials 1. These materials are intended as a reference to assist our customers in the selection of the Renesas Technology Corp. product best suited to the customer's application; they do not convey any license under any intellectual property rights, or any other rights, belonging to Renesas Technology Corp. or a third party. 2. Renesas Technology Corp. assumes no responsibility for any damage, or infringement of any third-party's rights, originating in the use of any product data, diagrams, charts, programs, algorithms, or circuit application examples contained in these materials. 3. All information contained in these materials, including product data, diagrams, charts, programs and algorithms represents information on products at the time of publication of these materials, and are subject to change by Renesas Technology Corp. without notice due to product improvements or other reasons. It is therefore recommended that customers contact Renesas Technology Corp. or an authorized Renesas Technology Corp. product distributor for the latest product information before purchasing a product listed herein. The information described here may contain technical inaccuracies or typographical errors. Renesas Technology Corp. assumes no responsibility for any damage, liability, or other loss rising from these inaccuracies or errors. Please also pay attention to information published by Renesas Technology Corp. by various means, including the Renesas Technology Corp. Semiconductor home page (http://www.renesas.com). 4. When using any or all of the information contained in these materials, including product data, diagrams, charts, programs, and algorithms, please be sure to evaluate all information as a total system before making a final decision on the applicability of the information and products. Renesas Technology Corp. assumes no responsibility for any damage, liability or other loss resulting from the information contained herein. 5. Renesas Technology Corp. semiconductors are not designed or manufactured for use in a device or system that is used under circumstances in which human life is potentially at stake. Please contact Renesas Technology Corp. or an authorized Renesas Technology Corp. product distributor when considering the use of a product contained herein for any specific purposes, such as apparatus or systems for transportation, vehicular, medical, aerospace, nuclear, or undersea repeater use. 6. The prior written approval of Renesas Technology Corp. is necessary to reprint or reproduce in whole or in part these materials. 7. If these products or technologies are subject to the Japanese export control restrictions, they must be exported under a license from the Japanese government and cannot be imported into a country other than the approved destination. Any diversion or reexport contrary to the export control laws and regulations of Japan and/or the country of destination is prohibited. 8. Please contact Renesas Technology Corp. for further details on these materials or the products contained therein.
RENESAS SALES OFFICES
Refer to "http://www.renesas.com/en/network" for the latest and detailed information. Renesas Technology America, Inc. 450 Holger Way, San Jose, CA 95134-1368, U.S.A Tel: <1> (408) 382-7500, Fax: <1> (408) 382-7501 Renesas Technology Europe Limited Dukes Meadow, Millboard Road, Bourne End, Buckinghamshire, SL8 5FH, U.K. Tel: <44> (1628) 585-100, Fax: <44> (1628) 585-900 Renesas Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. Unit 204, 205, AZIACenter, No.1233 Lujiazui Ring Rd, Pudong District, Shanghai, China 200120 Tel: <86> (21) 5877-1818, Fax: <86> (21) 6887-7898 Renesas Technology Hong Kong Ltd. 7th Floor, North Tower, World Finance Centre, Harbour City, 1 Canton Road, Tsimshatsui, Kowloon, Hong Kong Tel: <852> 2265-6688, Fax: <852> 2730-6071 Renesas Technology Taiwan Co., Ltd. 10th Floor, No.99, Fushing North Road, Taipei, Taiwan Tel: <886> (2) 2715-2888, Fax: <886> (2) 2713-2999 Renesas Technology Singapore Pte. Ltd. 1 Harbour Front Avenue, #06-10, Keppel Bay Tower, Singapore 098632 Tel: <65> 6213-0200, Fax: <65> 6278-8001 Renesas Technology Korea Co., Ltd. Kukje Center Bldg. 18th Fl., 191, 2-ka, Hangang-ro, Yongsan-ku, Seoul 140-702, Korea Tel: <82> (2) 796-3115, Fax: <82> (2) 796-2145
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(c) 2006. Renesas Technology Corp., All rights reserved. Printed in Japan.
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